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Psychology > Approaches in Psychology-The Psychodynamic Approach > Flashcards

Approaches in Psychology-The Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards

1
Q

When is the id present?

A

The id is present from birth

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2
Q

What three things did Freud say structured our personality?

A

Id, ego, superego

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3
Q

What is the id?

A

It is our pleasure principle and controls our selfish desires

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4
Q

Is ID unconscious or conscious

A

Unconscious

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5
Q

What happens if the ID becomes too dominant?

A

It causes addiction e.g. gambling

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6
Q

What is the ego?

A

It is the mediator between the id and reality

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7
Q

Is the ego conscious or unconscious?

A

Preconscious

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8
Q

When does the ego develop?

A

It starts to develop from 18 months

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9
Q

What did Freud liken the mind to?

A

He likened it to an iceberg- the unconscious mind contains info that the conscious mind would find uncomfortable and so it is repressed by defence mechanisms to avoid anxiety

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10
Q

What is the superego?

A

It is our moral conscience and reality principle- it punishes us with guilt when we transgress the rules of society

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11
Q

What happens if the superego becomes too dominant?

A

It can lead to Anxiety, OCD etc.

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12
Q

When does the superego develop?

A

3-6 years

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13
Q

What are the three defence mechanisms?

A

Repression
Denial
Displacement

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14
Q

What is repression?

A

You force a distressing memory out of the conscious mind- they do not go away and can continue to influence our behaviour

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15
Q

What is denial?

A

The refusal to accept reality and reject the thought or feeling

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16
Q

What is displacement?

A

You redirect your feelings e.g. anger to another target

17
Q

What happens if repression occurs too much?

A

Can lead to panic attacks

18
Q

What happens if denial occurs too much?

A

Loses touch with reality

19
Q

What are the three psychosexual stages?

A

Oral, Anal, Phallic

20
Q

When does the Oral Stage occur?

A

0-2 years old

21
Q

When does the anal stage occur?

A

2-3 years old

22
Q

When does the phallic stage occur?

A

3-6 years old

23
Q

What is the development of the oral stage

A
  • Focus on mouth
  • Pleasure by feeding
  • Id is dominant
24
Q

What is the development of the anal stage?

A
  • Focus on anus
  • Pleasure by pooping
  • Ego develops through potty training
25
Q

What is the development of the phallic stage?

A
  • Focus on genitals
  • Child passes through Oedipus or Electra stage
  • Gender identity and superego develops
26
Q

What is the Oedipus complex?

A

A boy’s sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father, boy eventually identifies with father and they get along

27
Q

What can occur if the anal stage is too strict?

A

Anally retentive resulting in OCD, controlling

28
Q

What can occur if the anal stage is too lenient?

A

Anally expulsive resulting in outbursts, bipolar

29
Q

What can happen if the Oral stage is not completed successfully?

A

Biting nails, talking too much

30
Q

What are the strengths of psychoanalysis?

A
  • First talking cure for psychological disorders
  • Uncovers unconscious motivation for mental health issues
  • Widely used and successful
  • Used today in therapy
31
Q

What are the weaknesses of psychoanalysis?

A
  • Accused of sexism and overemphasising male sexuality

- Culturally limited, as developed within Western society

32
Q

What are the assumptions of the Psychodynamic Approach?

A
  • All behaviour has a cause/reason
  • Different parts of the unconscious mind are in constant struggle
  • Our behaviour and feelings as adults are rooted in our childhood experiences
33
Q

Is the psychodynamic approach free will or determinist?

A

It is determinist as it reject the idea of free will and is shaped in their early life and biological drives

Psychology (6 decks)

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