Approaches: Lesson 5 - The Cognitive Approach Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Approaches: Lesson 5 - The Cognitive Approach Deck (3)
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1
Q

What is the cognitive approach?

A

The cognitive approach considers behaviour to be influenced by thoughts, these thoughts can be conscious or non-conscious (internal mental processes). Internal mental processes include perception, attention and memory

2
Q

What are schemas?

A

Mental representations of experience, knowledge and understanding

  • they help organise and interpret information in the brain
  • they are useful because they allow us to take shortcuts when interpreting vast amounts of information we have to deal with in a daily basis
  • they help us fill in the gaps in the absence of full information
  • can also cause us to exclude anything that does not conform to our established ideas about the world
3
Q

How ones the study by Bartlett support (1932) support the idea of schemas? (War of the ghosts)

A
  • Bartlett (1932) asked English participants were asked to read a Native American folk tale called, “The War of the Ghosts.”
  • It was an unfamiliar and strange story that had a different structure to an average English story
  • Participants had to read the story, and then after different lengths of time, they had to recall it
  • The results of the study showed that all participants changed the story to fit their own schemas
  • The details of the story became more, “English” and contained elements of English culture
  • As more time passed it was found that participants seemed to remember less of the original informations

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