APPROACHES-Origins of psycology

Question 1

What did Wilhelm Wundt do in 1873 and 1879

Answer 1

-1873 published his first book ‘‘principles of Physiological
psychology’’
-1879 he opened a psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany

Question 2

What was Wundt’s approach?

Answer 2

To study the structure of the human mind by breaking down behaviours into their essential elements known as structuralism

Question 3

Define introspection

Answer 3

The process where a person gains knowledge about their own mental and emotional state as a result of an examination or observation of their conscious thoughts and feelings

Question 4

What is a strength of early psychology?

Answer 4

Introspection is still useful in some areas of psychology- it can be used to measure happiness (used in a study in 2003),Study asked teenagers to explain their thoughts and feeling at different points in the day so it still has some practical applications

Question 5

What is a weakness of early psychology?

Answer 5

Unreliable as they use non-observational response approaches use experiments to measure observable behaviours such as Pavlos dogs study,self Reporting is subjective and can’t be measured accurately

Question 6

Define Empiricism

Answer 6

The belief that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience

Question 7

What is the scientific method?

Answer 7

The use of investigation methods that are objective, systematic and reliable and the formulation, testing and modification of hypotheses based on these methods

Question 8

What methods are used in the scientific method?

Answer 8

-Ask a question
-State a hypothesis
-Conduct an experiment
-Analyze the results
-Make a conclusion
-Repeat

Question 9

What are the 5 key features of the scientific method?

Answer 9

-Objectivity
-Reliability
-Empirical methods
-Hypothesis testing
-Falsifiability

Question 10

Define objectivity

Answer 10

Being uninfluenced by personal opinions or past experience, being free of bias

Question 11

Define reliability

Answer 11

The ability to repeat a study and achieve the same findings

Question 12

Define Empirical methods

Answer 12

The phenomenon that can be observed and measured by testing scientifically

Question 13

Define hypothesis testing

Answer 13

Stating a hypothesis and then testing it until it can be falsified

Question 14

Define falsifiability

Answer 14

The possibility that a hypothesis can be proved wrong

Question 15

Give a strength of the scientific method

Answer 15

Accurate-objective and controlled studies, allows causes of behaviour to be identified, theories can be tested and modified

Question 16

Give a limitation of the scientific method.

Answer 16

Objectivity does not allow people to behave naturally