APUSH Exam unit 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are specialized colonies?
Colonies with region-specific characteristics.
What was the main purpose of Spanish exploration?
Gold and silver mining.
What was the main purpose of French exploration?
Fur trade and alliance with Natives.
What was the main purpose of British exploration?
Agricultural colonies.
What characterized the social structure in Spain and France?
Fluid due to intermarriage.
What characterized the social structure in Great Britain?
Rigid, with rare intermarriage to indigenous people.
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Transfer of animals, plants, and slaves across the Atlantic region.
What was the significance of Jamestown?
First English settlement in the Americas, established for gold.
What led to the starvation in Jamestown?
Rich, spoiled solo males migrated to mine gold, with no women for domestic tasks.
Who was Captain John Smith?
He fostered relations with Natives who taught the settlers to plant crops.
What was the purpose of the Plymouth settlement?
Started by Puritans to purify the Anglican church.
What was Bacon’s Rebellion?
A rebellion due to unsatisfied, newly freed indentured servants.
What was the result of Bacon’s Rebellion?
Indentured servants were no longer trusted as a good source of labor.
What was the Stono Rebellion?
A revolt led by escaped slaves who tried to escape to Florida.
What was the First Great Awakening?
A religious revival inspired by Europe’s Enlightenment.
What did the First Great Awakening emphasize?
That all people can be saved, contrasting Calvinist predestination.
What is chattel slavery?
A system where a child born from an enslaved mother is also enslaved.
What is the Headright System?
A system where landowners receive land for every ‘head’ they pay to travel to the New World.
What is the Encomienda System?
A system that essentially functioned as another form of slavery using Native American laborers.
What is mercantilism?
An economic concept where a mother country creates colonies to obtain raw materials.
What is salutary neglect?
A period of relative colonial autonomy with little control from Great Britain.
What were the Navigation Acts?
Acts passed to regulate colonial trade, restricting exports to only Great Britain.
