APUSH Period 1 Test Flashcards
What was the biggest Spanish contribution to the Native American settlement in the Great Plains?
Horses
What did the Spanish reform the encomienda system to?
The repartimiento system
What was the encomienda system?
A system in which the Spanish had the right to demand labor from Native Americans
What was the repartimiento system?
In an attempt to reform the encomienda system, residents of indian villages remained legally free and entitled to wages, but were still required to perform a fixed amount of labor each year.
What animal really changed the Native American diet after the Europeans came?
Pigs
What did Native Americans in the Northwest eat?
Fish
What is the black legend?
The concept that the Spanish conquerors merely tortured and butchered the Indians, stealing their gold and infecting them with disease.
Why were diseases so deadly to the Native Americans?
They had not encountered diseases like smallpox, influenza, and measles, and therefore had not developed antibodies to fight them.
What was the most significant result of Magellan’s exploration?
His voyages showed that the circumference of the Earth was longer than what Columbus had estimated.
How did the Spanish empire operate in the Americas?
Ruled through a system of absolutism. they forced Indians to work in gold and silver mines to supply the empire’s wealth. Indians outnumbered Spanish people. Spanish authorities granted Indians certain rights within colonial society.
What is significant about the Native American cultivation of Maize?
Cultivation of Maize was an anchor for nomadic tribes and supported the growth of massive cities and empires.
Where did the mound building tribes flourish?
Poverty Point which was located overlooking the Mississippi River in present day Louisiana, or the Ohio River Valley.
What is similar about the Aztec and Inca empire?
They both had centralized organization, big populations, and their economy was centered around agriculture.
Who was Bartolome de Las Casas?
Dominican Priest who spoke out against mistreatment of Native Americans. Published “a very brief account of the destruction of the indies” which helped to establish the black legend of Spanish cruelty.
Pueblo Revolt
- Native American revolt against the Spanish in late 17th century - expelled the Spanish for over 10 years
- Spain began to take an accommodating approach to Natives after the revolt
- happened in new mexico
