APUSH Presidency Flashcards
(52 cards)
What was the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act or GI Bill (1944) and why was this program created in the wake of WW2? What fear plagued the American public? And under which presidency?
(Under Truman) The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (aka the GI Bill) was a federal law that intended on helping WWII veterans in their journey of integrating back into the American society and economy. The law benefited the veterans in a variety of ways such as educational assistance, low-interest loans for housing and businesses, and unemployment compensation. It was made in the wake of WWII not only out of the intent of helping veterans, but also out of great fear. The American society and government feared the chance of any economic crisis similar to the Great Depression. People worried that the sudden inundation of a large population of returning soldiers could overwhelm the job market, creating economic instability and mass unemployment.
What was the Formation of the United Nations (1945) and What was the role of the UN Security Council? And under which presidency?
(Under Truman) Following WWII, the union was created among 50 nations with the intent of maintaining international peace and to promote unification between our allies. The role given to the UN Security Council by the union’s charter was to maintain international security. They are to investigate certain events that could lead to mass and/or international dispute or conflict. They also have the ability to recommend solutions as well as to take action in restoring peace even if that means incorporating military action.
What was the Iron Curtain (1946) and What did Churchill’s “iron curtain” speech call for? And under which presidency?
(Under Truman) The term “Iron Curtain” came from a speech given by Churchill in which he used to depict the barriers/ boundaries (both ideological and physical) between the Soviet Union and the rest of Europe (the Western world really). The speech called for the alliance between the US and Britain to counter the Soviet Union and its morals (communism).
What was the Employment Act of 1946 and What group in Congress prevented this plan from being more comprehensive? Why? what presidency
(truman) The Employment Act of 1946 made it the official policy of the U.S. government to promote maximum employment, production, and purchasing power, while also establishing the Council of Economic Advisers to guide national economic policy.
The Republican party because they believed excessive federal involvement would be socialism.
Committee on Civil Rights (1946) and what presidency and Why did president create this committee within the Executive Branch?
The President’s Committee on Civil Rights, established by President Harry Truman in 1946, was tasked with investigating the state of civil rights in the U.S. and recommending measures to strengthen protections. He wanted to satisfy civil rights advocates while avoiding direct confrontation with Republicans
What was Levittown (1947) and under what presidency and What impact did suburbia have on inner city communities?
Levittown (1947) was one of the first mass-produced suburban communities in the U.S., developed by William Levitt and Levitt & Sons in Nassau County, Long Island. Under truman. There was economic decline due to a shrinking tax base. Racial segregation was present in the suburbs so the cities were primarily other races, and this left underfunded schools.
Taft-Hartley Act (1947) and under what presidency and What was the “one purpose” of this bill? What was the reaction from Unions? The Act became a major diving issue between what two groups?
Under Truman. The act outlawed the closed shop
permitting states to pass “right to work” laws outlawing the union shop
and
giving the president the power to invoke an 80-day “cooling off period” before a strike endangering the national safety could be called.
What was the “one purpose” of this bill?
it restricted activities and powers of labor unions
What was the reaction from Unions?
They opposed it and viewed it as a direct attack on their workers rights.
The Act became a major diving issue between what two groups?
Labor unions and businesses
How did the National Security Act
(1947) modernize America’s military capability?
providing a centralized department of defense to coordinate the operations
creation of national security council for foreign policy
creation of Central Intelligence Agency to get information on foreign governments
Then, what was created in 1948?
Department of air force
why was Truman Doctrine (1947) implemented and following what. What did Truman ask Congress for? Why?
Implemented in response to:
a communist-led uprising against government in Greece
soviet demands for control of a water route in Turkey
Truman asked for $400 mil in economic and military aid to assist the “free people” of Greece and Turkey. To support nations resisting communism and prevent expansion of soviet influence.
Loyalty Review Board
(1947)
The Loyalty Review Board was established in 1947 under Executive Order 9835, as part of a broader effort to investigate potential communist influence in the U.S. federal government
Executive Order 9981 (1948)
under truman and Abolished racial segregation in armed forces. There would be equality in the military. also set the stage for the civil rights movement and other desegregation efforts.
