APWH Exam Vocab Review 2 Flashcards
(145 cards)
1
Q
innate
A
inborn; natural
2
Q
innovations
A
a new method, idea, product, etc
3
Q
institution
A
an established law, practice, or custom; a society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose
4
Q
insurrection
A
a violent uprising against an authority or government
5
Q
integration
A
the intermixing of people or groups previously segregated
6
Q
intellectual
A
of or relating to reasoning and understanding objectively, esp. with regard to abstract or academic matters
7
Q
interconvertible
A
(of two things) able to be changed into each other
8
Q
investment
A
the action or process of expending money with the expectation of achieving a profit by putting it into financial schemes, shares, or property, or by using it to develop a commercial venture
9
Q
irreconcilable
A
(of ideas, facts, or statements) representing findings or points of view that are so different from each other that they cannot be made compatible; (of people) implacably hostile to each other
10
Q
legislation
A
laws, considered collectively
11
Q
lenient
A
(of punishment or a person in authority) permissive, merciful, or tolerant
12
Q
linguistic
A
of or relating to the method of human communication
13
Q
liquidation
A
to pay off debt with an agreement; elimination by violent means
14
Q
literacy
A
the ability to read and write
15
Q
lithograph
A
a print produced by a process of printing from a flat surface treated so as to repel the ink except where it is required for printing
16
Q
lockouts
A
the exclusion of employees by their employer from their place of work until certain terms are agreed to
17
Q
luxury
A
the state of great comfort and extravagant living
18
Q
maneuver
A
a carefully planned scheme or action, esp. one involving deception
19
Q
manorial
A
of or relating to a large country house with lands
20
Q
maritime
A
having to do with the sea
21
Q
massacre
A
an indiscriminate and brutal slaughter of people
22
Q
mercantile
A
of or relating to trade or commerce; commercial
23
Q
metaphysical
A
transcending physical matter or the laws of nature
24
Q
militia
A
a military force that is raised from the civil population to supplement a regular army in an emergency
25
militarization
the giving of (something, esp. an organization) a military character or style; equipping or supplying (a place) with soldiers and other military resources
26
missionary
a person sent on a religious mission, esp. one sent to promote Christianity in a foreign country
27
monarchy
a form of government with a hereditary monarch at the head
28
monasticism
Living in a religious community apart from secular society and adhering to a rule stipulating chastity, obedience, and poverty
29
monotheism
the doctrine or belief that there is only one God
30
morality
principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior
31
mores
the essential or characteristic customs and conventions of a community
32
mortality
the state of being subject to death
33
mosque
a Muslim place of worship
34
multilateral
agreed upon or participated in by three or more parties, esp. the governments of different countries
35
multinational
including or involving several countries or individuals of several nationalities; (of a business organization) operating in several countries
36
mystical
being spiritually symbolic about something that is not obvious
37
nation-states
a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent
38
nationalism
patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts
39
negotiations
discussion aimed at reaching an agreement
40
neutrality
the state of not supporting or helping either side in a conflict, disagreement, etc.; impartiality
41
nuclear family
a couple and their dependent children, regarded as a basic social unit
42
objective
(of a person or their judgment) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts; goal
43
obligation
an act or course of action to which a person is morally or legally bound; a duty or commitment
44
obligatory
required by a legal, moral, or other rule; compulsory
45
obliterate
destroy utterly; wipe out
46
orthodox
(of a person or their views, esp. religious or political ones, or other beliefs or practices) conforming to what is generally or traditionally accepted as right or true; established and approved
47
output
the amount of something produced by a person, machine, or industry
48
outstrip
move faster than and overtake (someone else); exceed
49
pacifism
the belief that any violence, including war, is unjustifiable under any circumstances, and that all disputes should be settled by peaceful means
50
parish
(in the Christian Church) a small administrative district typically having its own church and a priest or pastor
51
parley
a conference between opposing sides in a dispute, esp. a discussion of terms for an armistice; (verb form) to hold such a conference
52
parliamentary
relating to, enacted by, or suitable for a parliament
53
parliament
a legislative body
54
partition
(esp. with reference to a country with separate areas of government) the action or state of dividing or being divided into parts
55
patriarchal
of, relating to, or characteristic of a system of society or government controlled by men
56
patronized
treat with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority
57
penetrating
able to make a way through or into something
58
perish
suffer death, typically in a violent, sudden, or untimely way; suffer complete ruin or destruction
59
persecution
hostility and ill-treatment, esp. because of race or political or religious beliefs
60
philosophy
the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, esp. when considered as an academic discipline; a theory or attitude held by a person or organization that acts as a guiding principle for behavior
61
pilgrimage
a journey to a place associated with someone or something well known or respected
62
plague
a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and kills many people
63
polemics
the art or practice of engaging in controversial debate or dispute
64
polytheistic
the belief in or worship of more than one god
65
pragmatism
practice of dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations
66
precipitate
cause (an event or situation, typically one that is bad or undesirable) to happen suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely
67
predominant
having or exerting control or power
68
prenatal
before birth; during or relating to pregnancy
69
prerequisite
a thing that is required as a prior condition for something else to happen or exist
70
prestige
widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something on the basis of a perception of their achievements or quality
71
pretext
a reason given in justification of a course of action that is not the real reason
72
primal
essential; fundamental
73
privatizing
transfer (a business, industry, or service) from public to private ownership and control
74
privilege
a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people
75
proclaim
announce officially or publicly
76
profiteering
making or seeking to make an excessive or unfair profit, esp. illegally or in a black market
77
prohibited
that has been forbidden; banned
78
proletariat
workers or working-class people
79
propaganda
information, esp. of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view
80
prosperity
the state of being successful in material terms or flourishing financially
81
protectionism
the theory or practice of shielding a country's domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports
82
prudent
acting with or showing care and thought for the future
83
puberty
the period during which adolescents reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproduction
84
radical (radicalization)
characterized by departure extreme departure from tradition; becoming an advocate of radical political or social reform
85
rational
based on or in accordance with reason or logic
86
reconcile
restore friendly relations between; settle (a disagreement)
87
reign
hold royal office; rule as king or queen; the period during which a sovereign rules
88
regime
a government, esp. an authoritarian one
89
relevant
closely connected or appropriate to the matter at hand
90
reliance
dependence on or trust in someone or something
91
relics
an object surviving from an earlier time, esp. one of historical or sentimental interest
92
reparations
the compensation for war damage paid by a defeated state
93
repression
the action of subduing someone or something by force
94
republican
(of a form of government, constitution, etc.) belonging to, or characteristic of a a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president; a supporter of this type of government
95
repulsive
arousing intense distaste or disgust
96
resurgent
increasing or reviving after a period of little activity, popularity, or occurrence
97
revenue
a state's annual income from which public expenses are met
98
revere
feel deep respect or admiration for (something)
99
revivalism
belief in or the promotion of a revival of religious fervor; a tendency or desire to revive a former custom or practice
100
rigorously
done or enforced extremely thoroughly; esp. rules or laws
101
rivalry
competition for superiority in a region or for a goal
102
sacraments
a religious object or church-related ceremony
103
sanctions
imposed restrictions to enforce international agreements/laws
104
secular (secularism)
separation of church and state
105
serf
in a feudal system, a worker bound to labor to his lord
106
skepticism
doubt; expressing uncertainty
107
socialism (socialist)
between capitalism and communism; the making and trade of goods should be controlled by the entire community
108
sponsor
entity that support a cause in exchange for advertisement or publicity, or to advocate (in general)
109
stable
firm, established, unlikely to change significantly
110
stagnant
not changing, sluggish (esp. regarding the economy)
111
strategic
done for long term interests, carefully planned (esp. in war, such as bombing industrial or commercial areas for eventual advantage)
112
strikes
employees refusing to work to gain favorable changes, especially through labor unions
113
stupa
a dome structure built as a shrine for Buddhism
114
sublimation
to change an activity to be more socially acceptable
115
subsidize
contribute to cost to reduce buyer price; help financially
116
succession
inheritance of government or monarchial post
117
suffrage
right to vote
118
superego
component of the mind that is self-conscience, analyzing learned social rules
119
superpower
powerful, expansive nation
120
supranational
power extending beyond political boundaries (eg. extraterritoriality)
121
syndicates
a team of people or organizations advocating an interest
122
systematic
methodical, done by a fixed plan
123
tariff
duty on a country’s exports or imports
124
temple
place of religious worship (esp. Judaism and Hinduism)
125
tenet
main principles of a religion, school of thought, or philosophy
126
tenure
act or right of holding property over a time frame
127
theocracy
government that rules by religion or a higher entity
128
theory
group of standard ideas to explain occurrences
129
tolerance
acceptance of differences that are not agreed upon (e.g. religious tolerance)
130
totalitarianism
government with complete and total dictatorial control
131
tracts
area of some extent (often large, refers to land)
132
tradition (traditional)
inheritance of custom and culture by one generation from the last
133
transatlantic
across the Atlantic Ocean
134
transmutation
action of changing from one state to another
135
union
being joined politically, especially a labor union (association of employees serving to protect worker interests)
136
unity
being joined together from parts or differences
137
unscrupulous
having no morals; injustice; dishonest
138
uprisings
small scale rebellious activity by citizens, done in protest
139
urban
of a city or town
140
utilitarianism
philosophy that the action is best if helpful or beneficial to the majority
141
vernacular
particular language or way of talking associated with a region; a dialect
142
venerate
revered; viewed with high respect
143
vile
utterly bad; unpleasant
144
voracious
having an eager attitude
145
wares
manufactured goods, especially pottery
