AQA Trilogy Atomic structure and the periodic table

Question 1

What is the basic unit of matter?

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

What particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 2

Protons and neutrons

Question 3

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 3

Positive

Question 4

What is the charge of an electron?

Answer 4

Negative

Question 5

True or False: Neutrons have a positive charge.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

What is the atomic number of an element?

Answer 6

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 7

Fill in the blank: The mass number of an atom is the sum of _______ and _______.

Answer 7

Protons and neutrons

Question 8

What do isotopes of an element have in common?

Answer 8

The same number of protons

Question 9

What is the periodic table?

Answer 9

A tabular arrangement of elements based on their atomic number

Question 10

What are groups in the periodic table?

Answer 10

Columns that contain elements with similar properties

Question 11

What are periods in the periodic table?

Answer 11

Rows that indicate the energy levels of electrons

Question 12

Which element has the atomic number 1?

Answer 12

Hydrogen

Question 13

True or False: Noble gases are highly reactive.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs?

Answer 14

Covalent bond

Question 15

What is a metal’s typical state at room temperature?

Answer 15

Solid (except for mercury)

Question 16

Fill in the blank: Non-metals are generally ______ conductors of electricity.

Answer 16

Poor

Question 17

What is the significance of the ‘valence electrons’?

Answer 17

They determine an atom’s chemical properties and reactivity

Question 18

Which group contains the alkali metals?

Answer 18

Group 1

Question 19

What is the name of the elements in Group 7?

Answer 19

Halogens

Question 20

What does the term ‘atomic mass’ refer to?

Answer 20

The weighted average mass of an atom’s isotopes

Question 21

True or False: The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic mass.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

What is a cation?

Answer 22

A positively charged ion

Question 23

What is an anion?

Answer 23

A negatively charged ion

Question 24

What is the role of electrons in chemical bonding?

Answer 24

They are involved in forming bonds between atoms

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The maximum number of electrons in the first shell is ______.

Answer 25

2

Question 26

What are transition metals known for?

Answer 26

Their ability to form variable oxidation states

Question 27

Which element is the most electronegative?

Answer 27

Fluorine

Question 28

What is the octet rule?

Answer 28

Atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell

Question 29

True or False: All elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What is the main characteristic of metalloids?

Answer 30

They have properties of both metals and non-metals

Question 31

What is the principle behind the periodic trends such as atomic radius?

Answer 31

Atomic radius decreases across a period and increases down a group

Question 32

What are the two main types of chemical bonds?

Answer 32

Ionic bonds and covalent bonds

Question 33

What is the definition of a molecule?

Answer 33

A group of two or more atoms bonded together

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The _______ of an atom determines its identity.

Answer 34

Atomic number

Question 35

What is the difference between an atom and a molecule?

Answer 35

An atom is a single unit of an element, while a molecule is made up of two or more atoms.