AQA Trilogy infection and response

Question 1

What is a pathogen?

Answer 1

A pathogen is a microorganism that causes disease.

Question 2

Name three types of pathogens.

Answer 2

Bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Question 3

True or False: Antibiotics are effective against viral infections.

Answer 3

False.

Question 4

What is the function of the immune system?

Answer 4

To protect the body against pathogens.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Vaccines help to __________ diseases.

Answer 5

prevent

Question 6

What is an antigen?

Answer 6

A substance that triggers an immune response.

Question 7

What type of white blood cell produces antibodies?

Answer 7

B lymphocytes.

Question 8

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of disease transmission? A) Direct contact B) Airborne C) Photosynthesis

Answer 8

C) Photosynthesis.

Question 9

What is the role of T cells in the immune response?

Answer 9

To destroy infected cells and help coordinate the immune response.

Question 10

True or False: Herd immunity occurs when a large percentage of the population is immune to a disease.

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

Answer 11

Active immunity is produced by the immune system in response to a pathogen, while passive immunity is acquired from another source.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: __________ are proteins that specifically target and neutralize pathogens.

Answer 12

Antibodies

Question 13

What is an infectious disease?

Answer 13

A disease caused by a pathogen that can be transmitted from one individual to another.

Question 14

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a bacterial disease? A) Influenza B) Tuberculosis C) HIV

Answer 14

B) Tuberculosis.

Question 15

What is a vaccine?

Answer 15

A preparation that stimulates an immune response to provide immunity against a disease.

Question 16

True or False: Vaccines can contain weakened or inactivated forms of a pathogen.

Answer 16

True.

Question 17

What is the primary defense mechanism of the body against pathogens?

Answer 17

The skin and mucous membranes.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: __________ are substances that can kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.

Answer 18

Antibiotics

Question 19

What is the role of macrophages in the immune system?

Answer 19

To engulf and digest pathogens and debris.

Question 20

Multiple choice: Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus? A) Chickenpox B) Tuberculosis C) Gonorrhea

Answer 20

A) Chickenpox.

Question 21

What is the process by which white blood cells engulf pathogens?

Answer 21

Phagocytosis.

Question 22

True or False: All bacteria are harmful.

Answer 22

False.

Question 23

What is the purpose of a diagnostic test in infectious diseases?

Answer 23

To identify the presence of a pathogen.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: __________ are used to treat viral infections.

Answer 24

Antivirals

Question 25

What is the definition of an epidemic?

Answer 25

A sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected.

Question 26

Multiple choice: Which of the following is an example of a vector-borne disease? A) Malaria B) Diabetes C) Asthma

Answer 26

A) Malaria.

Question 27

What is the term for the study of diseases and their causes?

Answer 27

Epidemiology.

Question 28

True or False: Infectious diseases can be spread through contaminated food and water.

Answer 28

True.

Question 29

What role do probiotics play in health?

Answer 29

They help maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: __________ is the body's response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain.

Answer 30

Inflammation

Question 31

What is zoonotic disease?

Answer 31

A disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

Question 32

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common symptom of an infection? A) Fever B) Weight gain C) Hair loss

Answer 32

A) Fever.

Question 33

What is the role of cytokines in the immune response?

Answer 33

To act as signaling molecules that help regulate the immune response.

Question 34

True or False: Chronic infections can last for years.

Answer 34

True.