Aquatics

Question 1

Abiotic

Answer 1

Any factor in an environment that is not living.

Question 2

Biotic

Answer 2

Any factor in an environment that is living.

Question 3

Vernal pool

Answer 3

A seasonal pool of water that can form from winter to spring and dry out in the summer.

Question 4

River continuum

Answer 4

The transition from headwaters to larger bodies of water.

Question 5

Affects the physical characteristics of a stream?

Answer 5

climate, moving water (flow rate) , surrounding geology, and land topography

Question 6

Watersheds?

Answer 6

6 major
1. Lake Erie
2. Ohio
3.Potomac
4.Susquehanna
5. Delaware
6. Genesee

Question 7

What do the physical characteristics of a stream affect?

Answer 7

shape of the stream channel, the composition of the bottom, water temperature, and the water’s chemistry (pH, alkalinity, hardness)

Question 8

What determines the type and number of organisms in a stream?

Answer 8

temperature, bottom type, and water chemistry

Question 9

First order stream

Answer 9

smallest, has no tributaries, and flows straight from the source

Question 10

Second order

Answer 10

When 2 first order streams meet

Question 11

How does stream orders increase?

Answer 11

When 2 of the same stream orders join.

Question 12

What do trees do for streams/headwaters?

Answer 12

keep water temperature cool, shade, prevent erosion on streambanks, provide energy through food

Question 13

Coldwater temperature?

Answer 13

50 degrees to 65 degrees

Question 14

Coolwater temperature?

Answer 14

65 degrees to 70 degrees

Question 15

Warm water temperature?

Answer 15

70 degrees to 85 degrees

Question 16

Transition waters are..?

Answer 16

temperature preference among groups overlap

Question 17

Caddis fly life cycle?

Answer 17

Egg
Larva
Pupa
Adult

ELPA- complete metamorphosis

Question 18

Immature dobsonfly called?

Answer 18

hellgrammite

Question 19

Dobsonfly cycle

Answer 19

ELPA

Question 20

Dragon and Damsel fly cycle

Answer 20

ENA-incomplete

Question 21

ENA?

Answer 21

incomplete metamorphism
Egg, nymph, adult
ex. damselfly, dragon fly, mayflies and stone flies

Question 22

ELPA?

Answer 22

complete metamorphism
Egg, larva, pupa, adult
ex. caddis fly, Dobson fly, cranefly, midges, mosquitoes, and water beetles

Question 23

Mobile animals that kill and eat their prey?

Answer 23

predators

Question 24

Getting food by taking advantage of another organism?

Answer 24

Parasite

Question 25

Move along the bottom for less mobile prey.

Answer 25

Searchers

Question 26

Feed off algae, fungus, and bacteria

Answer 26

Grazers

Question 27

eat large (greater than 1 mm) pieces of organic materials, like leaves, evergreen needles, wood and other plant parts

Answer 27

Shredders

Question 28

Gather or filter food from water

Answer 28

Collectors

Question 29

when both or one other organism benefits

Answer 29

Symbionts

Question 30

Miles of rivers and streams?

Answer 30

86,000 miles

Question 31

Number of lakes, ponds, and reservoirs?

Answer 31

4,000

Question 32

Acid Rain

Answer 32

Rain water made acidic by atmospheric pollution

Question 33

Alkalinity

Answer 33

measure of water’s ability to resist a decrease in pH, also known as buffering capacity

Question 34

Organic matter

Answer 34

debris that comes from once living plants and animals

Question 35

turbidity

Answer 35

measure of how cloudy the water is

Question 36

Saturation

Answer 36

Amount of oxygen resolved in water

Question 37

American waterweed native to pa?

Answer 37

Yes

Question 38

Hydrilla native to PA?

Answer 38

No

Question 39

Ectothermic

Answer 39

Cold-blooded; takes temperature from environment as body heat

Question 40

What causes endangered and threatened aquatic life?

Answer 40

Habitat loss, habitat alteration, water pollution, overfishing, disease, predation, and competition

Question 41

What effects migration for fish?

Answer 41

Dams and hydroelectric stations.

Question 42

Threatened/endangered fish make up...

Answer 42

39% percent of 159 species of PA fish

Question 43

Aquatic invasive species (10)

Answer 43

Red eared slider Common Carp Northern Snakehead Flat-head catfish New Zealand Mud Snail Chinese Mystery Snail Eurasian Watermilfoil Hydrilla Curly leafed Pondweed Japanese Knot weed