Architecture/Development of the US Gov Flashcards
(32 cards)
Public Policy
The exercise of gov power in doing things necessary to maintain legitimate authority and control over society.
Democracy
A system whereby the people rule either directly or by elected representation.
Direct Democracy
Citizens meet and make decisions about public policy issues.
Representative Democracy
Citizens choose officials who make decisions about public policy.
Traditional Democratic Theory
Government depends on the consent of the governed (directly or through representatives)
Pluralist Theory
Interest groups compete in the political arena, w/ each promoting its policy preferences through organized efforts. Conflict may result, requiring a compromise.
Elite Theory
A small number of powerful elite (military leaders, corporate leaders, and gov leaders) form an upper class, which rules in its own self-interest.
Bureaucratic Theory
The hierarchical structure and standardized procedures of modern gov allows bureaucrats, who carry out the day to day workings of gov to hold real power over public policy.
Hyperpluralism
Democracy is a system of many groups having so much strength that gov is often “pulled” in numerous directions at the same time, causing gridlock and ineffectiveness.
Social Contract
A voluntary agreement between the gov and the governed.
Natural Rights
Basic rights that are guaranteed to all persons, basic rights that a gov cannot deny.
Declaration of Independence
Drafted in 1776 by Thomas Jefferson declaring America’s separation from the UK.
Articles of Confederation
The first national constitution of the US that created a gov lasting from 1781 to 1789. Replaced by the current Constitution.
Federal System
Power is divided between the state and the federal gov.
Great (Connecticut) Compromise
Settled disputes between the states over the structure of the legislative branch.
VA Plan
Madison’s plan for a bicameral legislature, w/ the executive and judiciary chosen by the legislature.
3/5ths Compromise
Agreement that each slave counted as 3/5ths a person in determining representation in the House and for taxation.
Ratification
Method of enacting a Constitution or amendment into law.
Federalist
Supported a strong central gov and expanded legislative powers.
Federalist Papers
Written by Hamilton, Jay, and Madison to support ratification of the Constitution.
Anti-Federalists
Opposed the adoption of the US Constitution bc it gave too much power to the national gov at the expense of the state goes and it lacked a bill of rights.
Bill of Rights
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution guaranteeing certain rights and liberties to the people.
Constitution
The document setting forth the laws and principles of the gov; a plan of gov.
Limited Government
Basic principles of US gov that each person has rights that gov cannot take away.
