ARE SPD Flashcards
Detains water for a while before it enters the sewer system, uses a restrictor
detention pond
Retains water in one place as it slowly seeps into the groundwater
retention pold
Smaller pipe at the base of a detention pond that restricts the flow of water into the sewer system so that the system is not overwhelmed
restrictor
Name the % slope designations necessary for memorization
2% min, 25% grassy max, 50% max
How many square feet are in an acre?
43,560 SF
The English founder of the Garden City Movement. He published “To-morrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform” (1898), the description of a Utopian city in which people live harmoniously together with nature. The publication resulted in the founding of the movement, and the building of the first Garden City, Letchworth.
Ebenezer Howard (1850 - 1928)
Real estate term for any work done to a site
improvement
Typical test used by the soils engineer to form their bearing report. Typically uses a split spoon sampler (also called a SPT sampler).
Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
Boring test typically used in a Standard Penetration Test (SPT). Uses a hollow tube that is pounded into the ground. The number of blows required to pound the tube into the ground are recorded, as well as the contents of the soil(s) found in each boring.
split spoon sampler
On-site geotechnical testing method used to estimate the undrained shear strength of fully saturated clays specifically. The procedure involves rotating a vane through the soil and measuring the torque until the soil fails in shear on a cylindrical surface around the vane.
vane shear test
Method used to determine the geotechnical engineering properties of soils and delineating soil stratigraphy. The method consists of pushing an instrumented cone, with the tip facing down, into the ground at a controlled rate. Achieves similar outcomes to the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and can be used interchangeably.
Cone Penetration Test/Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT)
Upper surface of the zone of saturation, also known as the water table
saturation point
Where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with water. A constant water table is good, a fluctuating water table can cause issues and must be understood.
zone of saturation
In addition to soils information, the soils engineer’s bearing report will include what?
foundation recommendation
A system used to pump groundwater away from a specific area when building below the water table.
de-watering
The steepest angle of descent or dip relative to the horizontal plane to which a material can be piled without slumping. The angle is related to the density, surface area and shapes of the particles, and the coefficient of friction of the material.
angle of repose
System of temporarily supporting the earth when excavating a site. This process is expensive, so it is only used when necessary (i.e. on tight sites, with consideration for close neighbors)
shoring
This is exerted by a fluid at equilibrium at a given point within the fluid, due to the force of gravity. It increases in proportion to depth measured from the surface because of the increasing weight of fluid exerting downward force from above.
hydrostatic pressure
System of temporary support during excavation where steel is jammed into the ground and epoxied. It is an alternative to bracing, which gets in the way of work within the excavation.
deadmen
System of support during excavation designed for deep foundation applications. They are designed to transfer structural loads away from surface soils, which do not have the mechanical properties to support large buildings, to deeper beating strata soils. They are most commonly used in dense soils or rock where no piling system is better for offering pule resistance at the tip for point bearing capacity.
H-piles
Engineering technique used to build reinforced concrete walls in areas of soft earth close to open water, or with a high groundwater table. (typ. for waterfront sites)
slurry walls
The notion that the shape of soil will impact its capacity.
containment
A phenomenon whereby a saturated or partially saturated soil substantially loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied stress, usually earthquake shaking or other sudden change in stress condition, causing it to behave like a liquid.
liquefaction
Used along foundation walls to slope rainwater away from the wall, common materials used are clay and concrete
hard pack
Typical parking space dimensions and SF allocation/car
9’ x 19’, 300 - 350 SF/car
Trees having green leaves throughout the year, as opposed to decidious
evergreen
A length of pipe, running under a road or other barrier, used to drain or carry water.
culvert
The general pattern of movement of the water on, under, and above the earth.
water cycle
Trees which shed leaves annually, as opposed to evergreens.
deciduous
The rights to the use or control of the air space above a property.
air rights
The elevation of the ground surface after completion of all work.
finish grade
The length of a lot line along a street or other public way.
frontage
The right of an owner to have ingress and egress to and from a property.
access right
Clay pipe, usually with open joints, used to convey water away from a footing or to disperse liquid in a septic tank field.
drain tile
A fictitious temperature which would produce the same physiological effect as the combined effects of temperature, humidity, and air movement.
effective temperature
The surface flow of water from an area.
run-off
Describing cone-bearing evergreen trees and shrubs, such as pine, spruce, fir, and cedar.
coniferous
The process by which water vapor escapes into the atmosphere from plants.
transpiration
