Area Of Study 1: Musical Forms And Devices

Question 1

What happened in the baroque era? 1600-1750

Answer 1

Harpsichord
Ornaments
Terraced dynamics
Basso continuo
Small orchestra, mostly strings plus some woodwind
Suite, sonata, oratorio, chorales, trio sonata
Main composers were: BACH, HANDEL, VIVALDI

Question 2

What happened in the classical era? 1750-1810

Answer 2

Slightly larger orchestra
Piano introduced
Alberti bass
String quartet
Symphony, solo sonata, solo concerto
Balanced, regular phrases
Main composers were: HAYDN,MOZART,BEETHOVEN

Question 3

What happened in the romantic era? 1810-1910

Answer 3

Lyrical, expressive Melodie’s
Large orchestra
Wider range of dynamics
Richer harmonies and use of chromatic chords
Programme music
Opera symphony
Main composers: TCHAIKOVSKY,GREIG,SCHUMANN,DVORAK,BRAHMS,VERDI,WAGNER

Question 4

How many types of form and structure are there?

Answer 4

Binary- AB
ternary-ABA
rondo-ABACA
minuet and trio- II: AB :II II:CD:II AB
variations- the main tune repeated
Strophic- A A A

Question 5

A musical idea is repeated exactly….

Answer 5

Repetition

Question 6

An idea is copied in another part….

Answer 6

Imitation

Question 7

Repetition of an idea in the same part at a higher/lower pitch….

Answer 7

Sequence

Question 8

A short repeated pattern or phrase….

Answer 8

Ostinato

Question 9

A long held of constantly repeated notes….

Answer 9

Drone

Question 10

The notes of a chord played individually….

Answer 10

Arpeggio or broken chord

Question 11

A broken chord accompaniment (i,v,iii,v) common in classical era….

Answer 11

Alberti bass

Question 12

An up-beat or pick-up before the first strong beat….

Answer 12

Anacrusis

Question 13

A rhythm using dotted notes……

Answer 13

Dotted rhythm

Question 14

Off best accents…..

Answer 14

Syncopation

Question 15

Notes that move in steps….

Answer 15

Conjunct

Question 16

Notes that move in leaps/ intervals….

Answer 16

Disjunct

Question 17

Balanced parts of a melody…..

Answer 17

Regular phrasing

Question 18

What’s a cadence?

Answer 18

The two chords at the end of a phrase

Question 19

What’s a perfect cadence?

Answer 19

Chord V-I
Sounds finished
A musical full stop

Question 20

What’s a plagal cadence?

Answer 20

Chord IV-I
a softer finish
Sounds like Amen

Question 21

What’s an imperfect cadence?

Answer 21

chord I-V II-V VI-V
sounds unfinished

Question 22

What’s an interrupted cadence?

Answer 22

V-VI
moves to an unexpected chord
Is a surprise

Question 23

What’s a chord?

Answer 23

A chord is a group of two or more notes played at the same time.

Question 24

What’s a triad?

Answer 24

A train has three notes played at the same time 1,3,5

Question 25

What’s a chord sequence/ pattern?

Answer 25

Is a series of chords

Question 26

What’s a diatonic harmony?

Answer 26

It’s based on the chords of major/minor scales

Question 27

What are the primary chords?

Answer 27

I-IV-V

Question 28

What are the secondary chords?

Answer 28

II-III-VI-VII

Question 29

What are the notes in a scale?

Answer 29

1. Tonic 2. Supertonic 3. Mediant 4. Subdominant 5. Dominant 6. Submediant 7. Leading note 8. Tonic

Question 30

Notes in a c major scale?

Answer 30

C,D,E,F,G,A,B,C

Question 31

A minor (harmonica scale)..

Answer 31

A,B,C,D,E,F,G#,A,

Question 32

Chromatic scale on C

Answer 32

C,Bb,B,Eb,E,F,F#,G,G#,A,A#,B,C

Question 33

Blues scale in C

Answer 33

C, Eb, F, Gb, G, Bb, C

Question 34

Major pentatonic

Answer 34

G, A, B, D, E,

Question 35

Minor pentatonic

Answer 35

G, Bb, C, D, F,