Area Of Study Two Flashcards
(35 cards)
State what was the 5 year plan in the Soviet Union
The 5 year plan was
-collectivisation
-Industrialisation
What were some motivations for the 5 year plan?
Stalin wanted to prove that communism was better than capitalism
Improve the quality of life in Soviet Russia
Industrialise the Soviet Union so it can become a world power and improve protection
What were the first five years?
Between 1928-1933
Stalin wanted to increase productivity in factories and also increase the amount grains grown + % taken by the government
Collectivisation was designed for this.
What was collectivisation?
Collectivisation occurred when Stalin made the peasant farms merge together to create one large community farm for everyone to contribute to and take care of
What were some consequences of collectivisation?
Government took too much grains
Caused mass starvation like the holodomor
Many people resisted ( the ones who own the larger land)
What was Dekulakistaion?
The removal of the final capitalist class called the kulaks Stalin wanted them gone.
This turned peasants against peasants
How many Kulaks died during dekulakisation?
Estimated around 5- 10 million people were starved or executed
How did some of the Kulaks resist against dekulakisation?
Committed around 300,000 acts of arson
Burning of crops
Killing of live stock
Destroying tools and barns
What was the Holodomor?
A Mass starvation caused in Ukraine around 5-10 million people died from starvation
Around 1 million kids under 10 died from starvation
How was the Holodomor caused?
When collectivisation was in place the government began to take more grains than what they actually needed leaving people to starve and cause mass starvations such as the Holodomor.
What would Stalin do if factory targets weren’t met by the end of the deadline
The workers wages would be cut and the target would also increase
Became quantity over quality
How long was the great purge
The great purge happened between 1934-1938
Why did the Great Purge happen?
To remove any potential threats or rivals
How many people got purged
Around 100,000 communist party members,
Between 1936-1938 650,000 people were shot
1 million were sent to gulags
2 million died in the gulags
What were the gulags
A prison camp system to hold prisoners
Forced to work long hard hours doing physical labour hunger was experienced and constantly monitored by authorities
How many children went to school in 1916?
Only 49% of 8-10 year olds went to school the rest didnt
How many children went to school by 1927
Around 80% of 8-10 year olds went to school by then majority of illiteracy was gone by then
What was the Komsomal who were they designed for
For children aged 14-28 years old
A youth organisation to promote communist ideology
When was Dachau opened
March 22nd 1933
Was the first concentration camp built
Who was Heinrich Himmler
He was the leader of the SS army
Involved in the destruction of the SA army (brown shirts)
Created the idea of concentration camps
What did the SS army do?
Took over the German police systems, courts
Eliminated threats to the Nazi Reigme
Who was Konrad Morgan
An SS judge
Investigated corruption within the SS
Also known as “Blood Hound” Judge
Who was Rudolf Hoess
In charge of the Auschwitz death camps
Was a SS soldier
1943 lost his command and left Auschwitz
What was given to the doctors of Auschwitz to cope with selection process
The doctors were given alcohol to cope with it
