Areas of improvement Flashcards
(28 cards)
what is immediate addressing
- when the value in the address part of the instruction is actually the value to be used
- so the memory does not need to be searched to find the required value
direct addressing
- where the value in the address part of the instruction is a reference to the address in memory where the required value is located
indirect addressing
- where the value in the address part of the instruction is a reference to a memory location that contains the address in memory where the required value is located
what is indexed addressing
- it is a method of memory access where the effective address of data is determined by adding a fixed offset to a base address, often a register’s contents
what is an object
instantiated from the class
what is a register
temporary storage inside the CPU which is used for a single purpose
what does an AND mask do to an operation
- in all instances where we set the value of the mask to 0, we are ignoring the mask and outputting the original sequence
- in all instances where we set the value of the mask to 1, we are effectively copying the original binary sequence
what does an OR mask do to the operation
- we use 1s where we want to set the values
- we use 0s where we want to leave them alone
what does the XOR mask do to an operation
- the bits are toggled where the mask is applied (set to 1)
- where the mask has not been applied (set to 0), the bits have remained the same
what are the 2 main advantages of memory management to the user
- allows multitasking
- it doesn’t allow programs to access memory reserved for other programs
What is encapsulation
This protects attributes of an object by making them private so they cannot be accessed or altered accidentally other objects
what are some main features of IDEs?
- stepping through code, which is running one line of code at a time to see where the error is
- syntax/error highlighting, which distinguishes the syntax errors in the program code
- setting breakpoints to debug individual sections of code at a time
- variable watch window, which checks that the variables are being updated correctly
what is a circular queue
- a static array that has a fixed capacity
what is a class
a function that creates objects
what is overriding
the ability to provide a new implementation for a method or function that is already defined in a parent class or base class
main advantages of linked list data structures
- dynamic data structure : it is able to grow and shrink at runtime by allocating and de-allocating memory
- no memory waste : the size of the linked list increases/decreases at run time, there is no need to pre-allocate memory
- implementation : stacks and queues are more easily implemented with linked lists
main disadvantages of linked lists
- more memory is required in the linked list compared to the array
- it is more time consuming to traverse a linked list
- it is not suitable for smaller data sets
what is the waterfall development methodology
- each phase in the cycle has a start and end point with identifiable deliverables
- a slight change allows you to move forwards or backwards in each of its stages
what is rapid application development (RAD)
- it is a methodology that involves producing successive prototypes of software until a final version is produced and approved
- prototypes with reduced functionality which are tested to improve the original software
what is extreme programming
- it aims to produce high quality code and promote developers quality of life
- it is considered an agile framework because it encourages smaller iterative software releases
what is a service routine
a specific piece of code designed to interrupt a signal
what is an abstract data type?
it serves as a description of a data object and its associated operations
what happens during lexical analysis
- comments and white space are removed
- variable names are added to the symbol table
- words are reserved and tokenised
what is a tuple
an ordered set of values of any type
