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Economics > Argumentation and Debate > Flashcards

Argumentation and Debate Flashcards

1
Q

______ is determination of ideas in the truth of which one would like to others to believe, or course of action which one would like others to adopt.

A

Invention

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2
Q

A process that involves the study of how to conduct investigation and research, the nature of evidence, the forms of arguments and the fallacies.

A

Selection

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3
Q

The art of influencing others through a reasoned discourse

A

Argumentation

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4
Q

Definite proposition and definite time

A

Debate

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5
Q

The purpose of the appeal to emotions is to stir those one desires to influence in the way one wishes them to act or to lead them to a new purpose.

A

Persuasion

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6
Q

What are the 2 Methods of Approach in the Work of Argumentation

A
  1. Conviction
  2. Persuasion
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7
Q

It is an appeal to reason and to the intellect.

A

Conviction

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8
Q

is an appeal to emotions, to the feelings, to the will.

A

Persuasion

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9
Q

________makes it interesting and leads one to embrace it.

A

Persuasion

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10
Q

Formal, direct oral contest in argumentation between 2 or more persons

A

Debate

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11
Q

What are the Processes in the Work of Argumentation?

A

Invention
Selection
Arrangement
Presentation

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12
Q

A process concerned with formulation of the proposition to be discussed.

A

Invention

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13
Q

________ is choosing from all the sources of information of facts, data, statistics, inferences that would help the arguer to establish ideas in the truth.

A

Selection

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14
Q

organization of materials that have selected in such a way as to secure maximum effect

A

Arrangement

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15
Q

Influencing the belief and behavior of the hearer/reader

A

Argumentation

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16
Q

A process involves the application of the 3 great rhetorical principles – unity, coherences, and emphasis and the study of mechanism and the brief outline.

A

Arrangement

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17
Q

The purpose of the appeal to the intellect is to create belief, or intellect agreement

A

Conviction

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18
Q

putting of the materials that have selected and organized into such effective language to convey the ideas

A

Presentation

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19
Q

The process involves the study of persuasion as the method of approach and techniques of the introduction, of the discussion, of the conclusion and the delivery.

A

Presentation

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20
Q

it lays down rules to be followed in presenting evidences and arguments. It investigates the processes of thinking, of inferring. It determines the soundness of reasoning and teaches us what correct thinking consists in.

A

Argumentation to Logic

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21
Q

It deals with the phenomenon of human consciousness, human conduct, knowledge of human nature.

A

Argumentation to Psychology

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22
Q

Argumentation in Human Relations

A

Argumentation is Fundamental
Argumentation is Universal
Argumentation is Indispensable

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23
Q

argumentation is the art whereby one creates belief in a person that determines his attitude towards men, institutions, and principles.

A

Argumentation is Fundamental

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24
Q

man is by nature gregarious, he lives in the society of his fellows, God has given him the gift of speech.

A

Argumentation is Universal

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25
Q

man cannot carry on the affairs of life without argumentation, as man and his society are now constituted, life would be meaningless if he does not communicate with fellows

A

Argumentation is indispensable

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26
Q

What are the Qualities developed through argumentation and debate?

A
  1. Influences others to accept or reject a belief.
  2. Trains men in quick and accurate thinking.
  3. Develops the qualities of assurance and self-reliance.
  4. Enables men to rise to positions of leadership.
27
Q

An expression in words of an act of judgement and an act of judgement is a mental assertion of something as true or untrue.

A

Proposition

28
Q

it aims at action. It answers the question: “should it be done?”

A

Proposition of Policy

29
Q

It is expressed in a complete statement, with a subject and predicate. It allows an affirmance and a denial.

A

Proposition

30
Q

What are the classes of Proposition

A

Proposition of Fact
Proposition of Policy

31
Q

concerned with the truth or falsity of an act of judgement

A

Proposition of Fact

32
Q

it aims at belief, it settles the questions ;”is the assertion true?”
Is / Is not?

A

Proposition of Fact

33
Q

concerned with wisdom / unwisdom, the expediency / inexpediency of a course of action

A

Proposition of Policy

34
Q

Forms of Proposition

A
  1. In a club

2.In a parliamentary body

3.In a municipal council

4.In a court of law

35
Q

It makes the truth clear, drives one to accept the truth.

A

Conviction

36
Q

It never shifts, it always lies on the affirmative side.

A

Burden of proof

37
Q

What form of Proposition to use in a municipal council?

A

Ordinance

38
Q

What form of Proposition to use in a parliamentary body?

A

resolution, bill

39
Q

What form of Proposition to use in a court of law?

A

pleading / petition, complaint

40
Q

Necessity of knowing the proposition

A

-In arguer / debater must know what is that he should establish
-In reader / hearer to determine whether the debater satisfies the requirements of the burden of proof, he must know what the dispute is all about
-A knowledge of the proposition is essential.
-Proposition may not be formally express

41
Q

What should be the medium in a proposition?

A

Words

42
Q

Is the duty if the affirmative to present evidences and arguments to establish his claim

A

Burden of proof

43
Q

In legal procedure, it is the affirmative defense, avoidance, or confession.

A

counter proposition

44
Q

It is the strength to win unless refuted.

A

Prima facie

45
Q

The duty of either party to the controversy is to present evidences and arguments at any stage of the case to overthrow the contention of the opposing side.

A

Burden of Rebuttal

46
Q

is one that is presented by the negative side, adverse to the main proposition.

A

counterproposition

47
Q

It shifts from side to side as the debate progresses.

A

Burden of Rebuttal

48
Q

In legal procedure, _____ covers the meaning of both burden of proof and burden of rebuttal.

A

Burden of proof

49
Q

This term is not used in legal procedure.

A

Rebuttal/ burden of Rebuttal

50
Q

What form of Proposition to use In a club?

A

Motion

51
Q

The term used in Legal procedure for the word rebuttal is_____

A

Rebuttal evidence or Rebuttal argument

52
Q

must be regarded by the judge.

A

Presumption of Law

53
Q

May be regarded by the judge
They do not have the force of legal rules

A

Presumption of Fact

54
Q

In general, are logical inferences of the truth or falsity of a point in dispute.

A

Theory of presumption

55
Q

An attitude that is dictated by a degree of probability.

A

Presumption

56
Q

A belief that may be true or untrue that is used as a basis of ideas.

A

Presumption

57
Q

is a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof.

A

Assumption

58
Q

may be overcome by a preponderance of evidence contrary to the presumption.

A

Debatable Presumption

59
Q

is the acceptance of something as true although it is not known for certain.

A

Presumption

60
Q

Types of presumptions of law

A
  1. Debatable Presumption, Non -conclusive, Disputable Presumption
  2. Conclusive Presumption,
61
Q

simple logical inferences

A

Presumption of fact

62
Q

legal assumptions of the truth or falsity of a point in dispute.

A

Presumption of Law

63
Q

The final cannot refuted or reverted. It may not be controverted

A

Conclusive Presumption

64
Q

Characteristics of Propositions Good for Debate

A
  1. Must be in a form of assertion
  2. Must be express only one act of judgement
  3. Must be susceptible of only one interpretation
  4. Must be unprejudiced
  5. Should be avoid abstractions and generalization
  6. Must be concise and simple
  7. Must be debatable
  8. Must be worded that the burden of proof shall fall on the affirmative side
  9. Must be interesting

Economics (6 decks)

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