Argumentation Vocab Quiz Flashcards
(22 cards)
Provides easy answers to complicated questions often by appealing to emotions rather than logic.
Oversimplification
Uses misleading or unrelated evidence to support a conclusion
Red Herring
Try to frighten people into agreeing with the arguer by threatening them or predicting unrealistically dire consequences
Scare Tactics
encourage an audience to agree with the writer because everyone else is doing so
bandwagon appeals
arguments suggest that one thing will lead to another oftentimes with disastrous results.
slippery slope
Reduces complicated issues to only two possible courses of action
either/ or
arguments create an unnecessary desire for things
false need
asks audiences to agree with the assertion of a writer based simply on his or her character or the authority of another person or institution who may not be fully qualified to offer that assertion
false authority
is the assertion of a claim without presenting reasoned argument to support it
failure to accept the burden of proof
occurs when someone offers personal authority as proof
using authority instead of evidence
calls someones character into question by examining the character of that persons associates
guilt by association
shuts down discussion by asserting that the writers beliefs are the only acceptable ones
dogmatism
compares minor problems with much more serious crimes (vice versa)
moral equivalence
arguments attack a persons character rather than that persons reasoning
ad hominem
arguments set up and often dismantle easily refutable arguments in order to misrepresent an opponents argument in order to defeat him or her
(provides a weak counterargument that is rebuttled)
straw-man
draws general and premature conclusions from scanty evidence
a hasty generalization
arguments confuse chronology with causation
one event can occur after another without being caused by it
Faulty Causality Latin Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc
a statement that does not logically relate to what comes before it
non sequitur
a half truth a statement that is partially correct but that purposefully obscure the entire truth
a word with multiple meanings that the writer manipulates and changes throughout the course of an argument
equivocation
occurs when a writer simply restates the claim in a different way; such an arugment is circular; trying to prove one idea with another idea that is too similar to the first idea
circular reasoning
is an inaccurate inappropriate or misleading comparison between two things
faulty analogy
represents only one side of the issue thus distorting the issue
stacked evidence
