Arm & Forearm

Question 1

Where does radial nerve run in humerus?

Answer 1

In the spinal groove

Question 2

Medial epicondyle

Answer 2

Where the flexors originate on humerus

Question 3

Lateral epicondyle

Answer 3

Where extensors originate on humerus

Question 4

Ulna

Answer 4

Flexes and extends forearm by wrapping around humerus. Places olecranon process in olecranon fossa and moving around trochlea

Question 5

Radius

Answer 5

Rolls around capitulum for pronation and supination

Question 6

Interosseous membrane

Answer 6

Connects radius and ulna

Question 7

C6 Dermatome inervates

Answer 7

Lateral Arm, Forearm & Thumb

Question 8

C7 Dermatome inervates

Answer 8

Back of Arm, Back of Forearm, 2nd & 3rd digits

Question 9

C8 Dermatome inervates

Answer 9

Medial Arm, Forearm

Question 10

Basillic Vein

Answer 10

Runs down medial side of upper arm

Question 11

Caphalic vein

Answer 11

Runs does lateral side of upper arm

Question 12

Which sides are short and long head of bicep on and where do they attach?

Answer 12

Short - medial - looks longer - attaches to coracoid process
Long - Lateral - attaches to scapula on superglenoid tubercle making it longer

Question 13

The bicipital aponeurosis

Answer 13

Thickening of bicep fascia overlies & protects median nerve & brachial artery. Supports median cubital vein during venipuncture.

Question 14

What must the bicep do before it can engage in flection?

Answer 14

Supinate

Question 15

What holds the bicep tendon in place and where is it held?

Answer 15

Held in the intertubercular groove by the transverse humeral ligament and the Pec Major m

Question 16

Insertion of Bicep, Brachialis?

Answer 16

Raidus, Unla. Brachialis is main flexor of forearm as it attaches to ulna which is main bone that moves forearm

Question 17

What nerve pierces corachobrachealis? And where does it go?

Answer 17

Musculocutaneous - innervates biceps from deep side, lays on top brachealis,

Question 18

Which tricep arm is least/ most active?

Answer 18

Least: Long, extends arm (on inside of arm)
Most: Medial, general smaller motions
Lateral is strongest generator of force but functions against active resistance (not during passive motions) only when doing large motion like push up

Question 19

What can long tricep head do that others cant?

Answer 19

Aid in extension of arm as it crosses glenohumeral joint

Question 20

What is the brachial artery a continuation of and what does it divide into?

Answer 20

Axillary artery dividing into radial and ulnar at cubital fossa

Question 21

3 Muscles Brachial A. Lies on?

Answer 21

Long head triceps, coracobrachialis, brachialis

Question 22

3 main branches of Brachial artery ?

Answer 22

Deep brachial (profunda brachii; runs in radial groove posteriorly), the superior ulnar collateral, and inferior ulnar collateral arteries.

Question 23

What does injury to muculocutaneous cause?

Answer 23

Great loss of flexion of elbow, although not complete due to brachioradialis and flexor forearm muscles.

Question 24

Where does radial nerve travel?

Answer 24

Radial groove on back of humerus traveling with deep brachial artery

Question 25

If you break humerus low will triceps still work?

Answer 25

Yes! Radial nerve innervates triceps high on humerus

Question 26

Relation of Median nerve to brachial artery in arm?

Answer 26

Starts laterally, then moves medially

Question 27

Boundaries of cubital fossa?

Answer 27

Superior - line connecting epicondyles. Medial - forearm flexors (pronator teres m.) Lateral - forearm extensors (brachioradialis m.) Floor - brachialis and supinator mm. Roof - brachial and antebrachial fascia reinforced by bicipital aponeurosis

Question 28

Contents of Cubital Fossa?

Answer 28

``` Terminal part of the brachial artery Deep veins in the area Tendon of the biceps brachii m. Median n. Radial n. ```

Question 29

What does the extensor retinaculum do?

Answer 29

Extends obliquely across distal forearm preventing tendons from bowstringing

Question 30

What does the flexor retinaculum do?

Answer 30

Same as extensor. Also covers carpal tunnel. If tunnel compressed, median nerve that travels through will have issues.

Question 31

Which nerve innervates ring and pinky finger?

Answer 31

Ulnar

Question 32

Difference between flexor digitorum superficialis & profundus?

Answer 32

Superficial goes to intermediate phalanges. Deep to distal.

Question 33

Innervation of Flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 33

Digits 2-3: Median | Digits 4-5: Ulnar

Question 34

What does pollicis mean in latin?

Answer 34

Thumb

Question 35

Contents of Snuff box

Answer 35

Floor - Radial artery Roof - Branches of superficial radial nerve Palpations - Styloid process of radius

Question 36

Boundaries of snuff box

Answer 36

Laterally - abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis Medially - extensor pollicis longus tendon

Question 37

Common Interosseous artery

Answer 37

Trunk off the ulnar a. extending laterally. 2 branches: Anterior interosseous. Travels down forearm superficial to the interosseous membrane. Continues under pronator quadratus to palm Posterior interosseous. Passes immediately deep to the interosseous membrane to supply the posterior forearm

Question 38

Where does median nerve enter forearm? Path?

Answer 38

Enters forearm between heads of pronator teres. Gives off Anterior interosseous. Lies deep to the FDS. Becomes superficial in the distal forearm. Found between tendons of Flexor digitorum superficialis and Flexor carpi radialis mm. Passes deep and medial to Palmaris longus tendon, enters carpal tunnel deep to flexor retinaculum. Supplies thenar muscles and 1st & 2nd Lumbricals in hand. Gives off palmar branch to skin of palm.

Question 39

Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve destinations

Answer 39

Supplies: Flexor pollicis longus m. Pronator quadratus m.

Question 40

Where do ulnar A / N enter hand?

Answer 40

Canal of Guyon

Question 41

Where is the capitulum and what does it do?

Answer 41

Distal lateral end of humerus | Articular surface with radius

Question 42

Difference between dermatome and cutaneous nerve?

Answer 42

Dermatome: area of skin innervated by one spinal cord element Cutaneous nerve: carry fibers from multiple spinal cord segments to target skin area

Question 43

Difference between extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles?

Answer 43

Extrinsic: arise in forearm Intrinsic: Arise in hand

Question 44

What is a tuberosity?

Answer 44

Rough area on bone formed by muscle attachment

Question 45

What are bursae?

Answer 45

Small fluid-filled sac with inner layer of viscous fluid providing cushion between bones and tendons helping reduce friction

Question 46

Styloid process of radius?

Answer 46

Lateral distal end of raidus

Question 47

What does deep branch of radial nerve supply

Answer 47

Extensor brevis and supinator. After piercing supinator, called posterior interosseus and innervates rest of muscles. Radial proper innervates extensor radialus longus.