arrhythmias

Question 1

What is the normal heart rate range for adults?

Answer 1

60 to 100 beats per minute.

Question 2

What is sinus tachycardia?

Answer 2

A condition where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute due to increased automaticity of the sinus node.

Question 3

True or False: Sinus bradycardia is defined as a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute.

Answer 3

True.

Question 4

What does SVT stand for?

Answer 4

Supraventricular Tachycardia.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Atrial fibrillation is characterized by _____ heart rhythm.

Answer 5

irregular.

Question 6

What is the main risk associated with atrial fibrillation?

Answer 6

Increased risk of stroke.

Question 7

What does AF stand for?

Answer 7

Atrial Fibrillation.

Question 8

What is ventricular tachycardia (VT)?

Answer 8

A fast heart rate originating from the ventricles, typically exceeding 100 beats per minute.

Question 9

True or False: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a life-threatening condition.

Answer 9

True.

Question 10

What is the primary treatment for ventricular fibrillation?

Answer 10

Immediate defibrillation.

Question 11

What are AV blocks?

Answer 11

Abnormalities in the conduction between the atria and ventricles.

Question 12

Name the three types of AV blocks.

Answer 12

First-degree, second-degree, and third-degree AV block.

Question 13

What is the hallmark of first-degree AV block?

Answer 13

Prolonged PR interval.

Question 14

What medication is commonly used to treat atrial fibrillation?

Answer 14

Anticoagulants.

Question 15

What is the purpose of beta-blockers in treating arrhythmias?

Answer 15

To slow down the heart rate and decrease myocardial oxygen demand.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The primary goal of treating tachyarrhythmias is to restore _____ rhythm.

Answer 16

normal.

Question 17

What is the difference between paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation?

Answer 17

Paroxysmal AF resolves spontaneously, while persistent AF lasts longer and requires intervention.

Question 18

True or False: All arrhythmias require treatment.

Answer 18

False.

Question 19

What is the role of digoxin in arrhythmia management?

Answer 19

To control heart rate, especially in atrial fibrillation.

Question 20

What can cause bradycardia?

Answer 20

Increased vagal tone, medications, or intrinsic conduction system disease.

Question 21

What is the main symptom of an arrhythmia?

Answer 21

Palpitations.

Question 22

What is a common cause of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?

Answer 22

Reentry circuits in the atria.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: A _____ is a sudden, rapid heartbeat.

Answer 23

tachycardia.

Question 24

What does the term ‘irregularly irregular’ refer to?

Answer 24

The rhythm pattern seen in atrial fibrillation.

Question 25

What is the function of anticoagulants in AF management?

Answer 25

To prevent thromboembolic events.

Question 26

What does the term 'conversion' refer to in arrhythmia treatment?

Answer 26

Restoring a normal heart rhythm from an abnormal rhythm.

Question 27

What is the significance of a QRS duration greater than 120 ms?

Answer 27

It indicates a possible ventricular conduction delay or block.

Question 28

What type of arrhythmia is characterized by a rapid, chaotic electrical activity in the atria?

Answer 28

Atrial fibrillation.

Question 29

True or False: Atrial flutter is typically more organized than atrial fibrillation.

Answer 29

True.

Question 30

Which medication is often used as a first-line treatment for stable SVT?

Answer 30

Adenosine.

Question 31

What does 'P wave' represent in an ECG?

Answer 31

Atrial depolarization.

Question 32

What is the primary characteristic of third-degree AV block?

Answer 32

Complete dissociation between atrial and ventricular activity.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: Ventricular tachycardia may lead to _____ if not treated.

Answer 33

ventricular fibrillation.

Question 34

What is the primary goal of antiarrhythmic drugs?

Answer 34

To restore and maintain normal heart rhythm.

Question 35

What does the term 'escape rhythm' refer to?

Answer 35

A slower heart rhythm that occurs when the primary pacemaker fails.

Question 36

What is the primary cause of ventricular fibrillation?

Answer 36

Severe myocardial ischemia or infarction.

Question 37

True or False: Arrhythmias can be caused by electrolyte imbalances.

Answer 37

True.

Question 38

What does the term 'proarrhythmia' refer to?

Answer 38

The occurrence of new or worsening arrhythmias due to antiarrhythmic drugs.

Question 39

What is the typical heart rate range for sinus tachycardia?

Answer 39

100 to 160 beats per minute.

Question 40

What is the most common type of arrhythmia?

Answer 40

Atrial fibrillation.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The _____ node is the primary pacemaker of the heart.

Answer 41

sinoatrial.

Question 42

What is the most important consideration when managing arrhythmias?

Answer 42

Identifying the underlying cause.

Question 43

What does 'rate control' mean in the context of atrial fibrillation?

Answer 43

Managing the heart rate to a normal range.

Question 44

What is the significance of a narrow QRS complex in arrhythmias?

Answer 44

It typically indicates a supraventricular origin.