Arrhythmias & ECGs

Question 1

What is the likely diagnosis if a patient has a history of palpitations, has had one TIA and presents to A&E after a holiday?

Answer 1

A. Fib

Question 2

What is the likely diagnosis if a patient presents with a history of SOB on exertion, and several episodes of syncope?

Answer 2

Aortic stenosis

Question 3

What is this ECG showing

Answer 3

Asystole

Question 4

What is this ECG showing

Answer 4

NSTEMI

Question 5

What is this ECG showing

Answer 5

STEMI

Question 6

What is this ECG showing

Answer 6

Ventricular tachycardia

Question 7

What is this ECG showing

Answer 7

Ventricular fibrillation

(proper fucked bro)

Question 8

What is this ECG showing

Answer 8

Atrial fibrillation

(no p-waves)

Question 9

What is this ECG showing

Answer 9

1st degree heart block

Question 10

What is this ECG showing

Answer 10

2nd degree heart block

Question 11

What is this ECG showing

Answer 11

3rd degree heart block

Question 12

What bpm is tachycardic in a healthy 20yo man

Answer 12

100bpm

Question 13

What are some treatments for arrythmias

Answer 13

Amiodarone

Pacemaker

Question 14

What is the pathway of heart conduction

Answer 14

SAN

v

AVN

v

Bundle of His

v

Purkinje fibres

Question 15

What is the term for normal heart rythm

Answer 15

Sinus rythm

Question 16

What stage of heart conduction is shown on:

a) P-wave
b) QRS complex
c) T-wave
d) PR interval
e) ST segment
f) QT interval
g) U-wave

Answer 16

a) atrial depolarisation
b) ventricular depolarisation
c) ventricular repolarisation
d) AVN delay (end of p-wave -> start of q-wave)
e) time between depolarisatoin and repolarisation
f) time taken for ventricular depolairsation and repolarisation
g) repolarisation of papillary muscles and purkinje fibres

Question 17

What wave on an ECG is not always present but shows repolarisation of papillary muscles and purkinje fibres

Answer 17

U-waves

Question 18

On an ECG, how many seconds is their in a small and a large box

Answer 18

Small -> 0.04s

Large -> 0.2

Question 19

How do you work out the rate in an ECG

Answer 19

300/(number of big sqaures between QRS complexes)

(obvs you know that one big sqaure is 0.2s)

Question 20

A broad QRS complex is a sign of what ECG abnormality

Answer 20

Ventricular tachycardia

Question 21

What do you look for in interpreting an ECG

Answer 21

ARI BAR

Any electrical activity

Rate

Irregualr or regular rythm

Broad QRS complexes

Absent P-waves

Relationship beteen P-waves and QRS complexes

Question 22

Before interpreting an ECG, what should you always observe first

Answer 22

The bloody patient

Question 23

Absent p-waves are a sign of what

Answer 23

Ventricualr tachycardia

A. fib

Question 24

What phenomeon is characterised by a gradually increasing PR interval

Answer 24

Weckenbach phenoneon

(AKA 2nd degree heart block)

Question 25

When p-waves and QRS complexes don't match up, what is the likley ECG abnormality

Answer 25

3rd degree heart block

Question 26

When analyzing a rhythm strip, it qualifies as being regular when A. the QT intervals are the same B. the PR interval measures the same C. the QRS complexes measures the same D. the R - R intervals measure the same

Answer 26

D

Question 27

Which of the following steps is not one of the five-steps of rhythm analysis? A. PR interval measurement B. Rhythm regularity C. QT Interval D. QRS complex measurement

Answer 27

C

Question 28

Which of the following is considered normal range of the QRS complex? A. 0.12 - 0.20 minutes B. 0.06 - 0.10 minutes C. 0.12 - 0.20 seconds D. 0.06 - 0.10 seconds

Answer 28

D

Question 29

Which of the following is considered normal range of the PR interval? A. 0.12 - 0.20 minutes B. 0.06 - 0.10 minutes C. 0.12 - 0.20 seconds D. 0.06 - 0.10 seconds

Answer 29

C

Question 30

Which feature is most closely associated with ventricular arrhythmias? A. Narrow QRS complex B. PR interval measuring greater than 0.20 seconds C. Absence of P waves and wide & bizarre QRS complexes

Answer 30

C

Question 31

Which rhythm presents with regularly occurring P waves and a total absence of QRS complexes? A. Ventricular Fibrillation B. Ventricular Tachycardia C. Ventricular Asystole D. Asystole

Answer 31

C

Question 32

Select the heart rate most closely associated with this tracing. A. 200 B. 166 C. 100 D. 87

Answer 32

B (its ventricular tachycardia)

Question 33

mon the glasgow

Answer 33

celtic

Question 34

What is the PR interval measurement in this tracing? A. 0.12 sec B. 0.42 sec C. No PR interval to measure D. 0.68 sec

Answer 34

C

Question 36

What would be the most proper description of the pattern of the activity in this tracing? A. Regularly Irregular B. Constant C. Absent D. Irregular

Answer 36

D