Art Movements

Question 1

It is considered a neoclassic movement of France when Napoleon Bonaparte reign (1804-1815); the period style was mostly regulated in furniture and interior design but was also beginning to make its way to architecture

Answer 1

Empire Period

Question 2

What are the most notable structure like during the Empire period?

Answer 2

Massive monuments are based on Roman Imperial precedents

Question 3

In 1806, this arc was commission to celebrate the early victories of his empire and to honor his troops. It is also a remnant of their victories.

Answer 3

Arc de Triomphe

Question 4

What are the dimensions of Arc de Triomphe?

Answer 4

164 ft tall, 148 ft long, 72 inches wide

Question 5

It is the smaller version of Arc de Triomphe; it was able to finish during Napoleon’s time; it is also to honor Napoleon’s troops

Answer 5

Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel

Question 6

This structure originally held a bronze statue of Napoleon as a Roman Emperor; this column is covered entirely of bronze of Napoleon’s victory in Austerlitz

Answer 6

Vendome Column

Question 7

It is constructed in 1804, the monument is surrounded by corinthian columns with a dominant relief-filled pediment

Answer 7

La Madeleine

Question 8

This period is both a movement and school(in Germany); it is very modern; it is also a universal design

Answer 8

Bauhaus

Question 9

He is the architect and director of Bauhaus; he wanted something to have meaning; he had an asymmetrical approach

Answer 9

Walter Gropius

Question 10

It is a movement originated in 1920s-1930s; it is “style moderne”; vertical

Answer 10

Art Deco

Question 11

Where was Art Deco derived from?

Answer 11

Exposition Internationale de Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Modernes, Paris

Question 12

What are the materials used during art deco? (9)

Answer 12

Baskelite, vita-glass, ferro concrete, jade, silver, ivory, obsidian, chrome and rock crystal

Question 13

What are the influences of Art Deco?

Answer 13

Nouveau, Bauhaus, Cubism, Egyptian, and early classical sources

Question 14

What are the characteristic motifs of Art Deco?

Answer 14

Nude female figures, animals, foliage and sun rays all in conditionalizes forms

Question 15

Who was the architect who received a commission for Chrysler Building?

Answer 15

Wiliam Van Alen

Question 16

A style of decoration and architectural detail popular in the 1890s featuring sinuous, floral motifs

Answer 16

Art Nouveau

Question 17

What are the general characteristics of Art Nouveau? (8)

Answer 17

Asymmetrical
Extensive use of arches and curves
Curved glass
Swirling tendrils, botanical-like embellishment
Mosaic
Stained glass
Japanese motifs
Exposed iron

Question 18

Who was the famous architect during art nouveau period and part of the Catalan Modernista movement?

Answer 18

Antoni Gaudi

Question 19

What was the famous work of Gaudi?

Answer 19

Casa Batló (Barcelona)

Question 20

It is a rationalist movement against Baroque and ruled under Louis XVI

Answer 20

Neoclassical

Question 21

He was the most prominent architect during neoclassical period; has a strong interest in Gothic; studied classical movement and renaissance; he built the Pantheon in Paris

Answer 21

Jacques-Germain Soufflot

Question 22

What are the key features of St. Genevieve Church? (4)

Answer 22

Plain surface
Symmetry
Geometric precision
Classical order

Question 23

This period was in mid 1700s; ruled under Louis XV; rise of bourgeoisie and middle class; means shell; “late baroque”

Answer 23

Rococo

Question 24

This property was bought by Francois de Rogan Soubise

Answer 24

Hotel de Soubise

Question 25

Who were the architects of Hotel de Soubise?

Answer 25

Germain Boffrand and Pierre Alexis Delamair

Question 26

It is the most intimate setting in Rococo and the stylish center of French society in the 18th century

Answer 26

Salons

Question 27

What is an example of a salon during Rococo?

Answer 27

Salon de la Princessa

Question 28

It is seen as a landmark in modern, functionalist design

Answer 28

Bauhaus at Dessau

Question 29

Bauhaus at Dessau consists of? (3)

Answer 29

Asphalt tilted roof Steel framework Reinforced concrete bricks (to reduce noise and protect against the weather)

Question 30

What are the other Bauhaus building features? (6)

Answer 30

``` Flat roofs Smooth facades Cubic shapes Muted in colors: white, grey, beige, and black Open floor plans Functional furniture ```

Question 31

It is an 808 ft tall building with a crowningglass dome meant to “give the effect of a great jeweled sphere” and has a “streamlined” approach to form geometric patterns and stylized ornaments

Answer 31

Chrysler Building

Question 32

This architecture features allusions to the legend of St. George and the Dragon; its exterior is sheathed in colorful ceramics, while the roof is covered in scalelike tiles

Answer 32

Casa Batló

Question 33

He conceived for Barcelona a series of architectural extravaganzas, apparently pervaded by thoughts of nature in its less attractive manifestations - the rabbit warren or termite hill, reptilian anatomy, weeds on the rampage.

Answer 33

Antoni Gaudi

Question 34

It had an organic quality with floral and plant motifs, curvy women with flowers adorning their hair, birds, peacocks feathers, and insects.

Answer 34

Art Nouveau

Question 35

He was famous for his pioneering work in Art Nouveau and the translation of the style from the decorative arts into architecture in the early 1890s.

Answer 35

Victor Horta

Question 36

__________ inventiveness with Art Nouveau helped to make it something of a national style in Belgium by 1900

Answer 36

Victor Horta

Question 37

The façade is made out of iron, stone and glassn; the middle section of the building is slightly cantilevered over the ground floor entry; the front is sequestered behind a swirling iron garden gate.

Answer 37

Hotel Van Eetvelde (1895)

Question 38

It was a movement during the mid to late 18th century

Answer 38

Neoclassical

Question 39

Wat are the 2 events that stirred during the mid 18th century?

Answer 39

Rediscovery of greek art | Excavatious at Herculaneum and Pompeii

Question 40

It is the revival of classical antiquity, more consistent than classicism

Answer 40

Neoclassical

Question 41

In what year did Soufflot left Rome and returned to Lyon where he began practicing as an architect?

Answer 41

1738

Question 42

It was built as the Church of St. Genevieve but was secularized during the revolution

Answer 42

The Pantheon, Paris

Question 43

What is the most famous feature of The Pantheon (Paris)?

Answer 43

272-foot high dome (based on the dome of St. Paul’s cathedral designed by Christopher Wren)

Question 44

Where was Rococo derived from?

Answer 44

Rocaille (rock-work/shell-work)

Question 45

What are the key characteristics of Rococo? (5)

Answer 45

- Elaborates curves and scrolls, curvilinear forms that resembles the letters “s” and “c” - ornaments shaped like shells, plants, and the entire rooms being oval in shape, main plans were usually asymmetrical - patterns were intricate and details are delicate - scrolls, swags, mirrors and glided plasters - pastel colors and using playful subjects

Question 46

When did Edouard Dubois and Charles Lelong renovated the Hotel de Soubise?

Answer 46

1838-1848

Question 47

When did Hubert Janniard and Edmond Guillaume did work on the hotel de soubise?

Answer 47

1859 - 1880

Question 48

When was the Hotel de Soubise entirely renovated by Robert Danis?

Answer 48

1932 - 1938

Question 49

The style became an official architectural style in France around 17th century to 18th century.

Answer 49

French Baroque

Question 50

French Baroque was ruled under?

Answer 50

Louis XIV

Question 51

In French Baroque, where was the capital moved?

Answer 51

Versailles

Question 52

The period focused mainly on secular architecture- palaces; this building were designed to show power, magnificence and opulence.

Answer 52

French Baroque

Question 53

King Louis XIV was also known as?

Answer 53

Le Roi Soleil or The Sun King

Question 54

In King Louis XIV’s reign, the French became a standard of?

Answer 54

Taste

Question 55

Who was the Minister of Finance; introduced a centralized system for the decorative arts, when he built the Vaux-Le-Vicomte?

Answer 55

Nicholas Fouquet

Question 56

Also coordinated the development of the decorative arts for the monarchy; His first task was to re-build the Louvre

Answer 56

Jean Baptise Colbert

Question 57

What are the key elements of French Baroque? (6)

Answer 57

- Symmteric - Classical orders - Curved lines adds a sense of motion - Exterior were sober and highly ornamented - Abundant windows allow natural light and view or surrounding gardens - landscape architecture became important

Question 58

As soon as Louis XIV got to the throne, he took this palace as a symbol of the French monarchy.

Answer 58

Palace of Versailles (1703)

Question 59

______________ started the renovation and ________ concluded it after the first architect died.

Answer 59

Le Vau | Mansart

Question 60

The palace has a huge extension with hundreds of rooms and it's built on a land of almost ______ acres. The building has a well-defined base, noble floor and crowning.

Answer 60

2,000

Question 61

What are the exterior features of Palace of Versailles?

Answer 61

Sober, magnificent, harmonius

Question 62

What are the interior features of Palace of Versailles?

Answer 62

Richly decorated, showing beautiful pieces of art (Hall of mirrors)

Question 63

This palace clearly shows the use of classical orders in the exteriors and the importance given to the gardens. These two elements would become the rule for French Baroque architecture.

Answer 63

Vaux-Le-Vicomte Palace (1661)

Question 64

Who was the royal architect of Louis XIV?

Answer 64

Louis Le Vau

Question 65

This is one of the most rhythmic and dynamic pieces of French architect Jules Hardouin Mansart. The building has a clearly defined Greek cross layout, with four round chapels that are only accessible through openings coming out from the tips of the cross.

Answer 65

Les Invalides (1676)

Question 66

The period was developed in Spain during 17th and 18th centuries.

Answer 66

Spanish Baroque

Question 67

Spanish Baroque can be further categorized into 2 periods

Answer 67

1st Period: Early Baroque (17th Century) 2nd Period: Baroque or Churrigueresco (Late 17th Century and 18th Century)

Question 68

The church symbolizes strong what?

Answer 68

Influences and wealth

Question 69

_________ and _______ was used to prove such power, through the means of elements of religious propaganda.

Answer 69

Art | Architecture

Question 70

Baroque style in Spain developed essentially as a?

Answer 70

Regional style

Question 71

What are the key elements for spanish baroque? (4)

Answer 71

- Use of humble materials for construction - Very simple plan layout - Very dynamic and volumetric facades and altars - Ornamental than structural architecture

Question 72

It was designed by Juan Gomez de Mora in 1619. Space is completely enclosed by residential and civic buildings.

Answer 72

Plaza Mayor de Madrid

Question 73

It was also designed by Gomez de Mora in 1692, but most of the construction took place after his death. It is a sober building, with a great base of granite stone, brick walls and a very modest decoration, with some ornaments in the balconies.

Answer 73

Casa de la Villa

Question 74

The style developed to highly ornamented elements and more dynamic conceptions. An opulent design with a disregard for classical rules and was primarily applied to exterior.

Answer 74

Churrigueresco

Question 75

This is the most renowned work of architect and sculptor Jose Benito de Churriguera in 1695. The altar is highly decorated and is the focal piece of the building. It is a composition of abundant sculptures, columns, and plenty of ornaments and incorporates all the elements of baroque style.

Answer 75

Church of St. Stephen

Question 76

The building was designed by Pedro de Ribera in 1726. A simple construction with a very dynamic facade at the entrance, with plenty of volumetric elements and curves that create stunning shadows.

Answer 76

Hospice of San Fernando

Question 77

It was constructed by Alberto Churriguera in 1755. Space is enclosed by buildings consisting of three floors of balconies over a base with arches. The entire facade is highly ornamented, and the main element is the city hall building, designed by Jose Churriguera.

Answer 77

Plaza Mayor de Salamanca

Question 78

It is derived from a Portuguese term “Baroco” meaning odd shape or imperfect pearl.

Answer 78

Baroque

Question 79

When did Baroque started in Italy?

Answer 79

16th century

Question 80

Baroque architecture was designed to _____ and _______. The power of dramatic.

Answer 80

Awe | Impress

Question 81

Baroque architecture is more evident on _____ and _______.

Answer 81

Churches | Palaces

Question 82

A prodigy in sculpture, architecture, and city planning; • He was asked to serve as an official architect, a position he held until his death. • His works dominated the Baroque movement in Rome for years. • One of his famous work is the Baldachino for St. Peter’s Basilica.

Answer 82

Gianlorenzo Bernini

Question 83

He designed and continued the additions to the St. Peter’s Basilica

Answer 83

Carlo Maderno

Question 84

What are the key elements of Italian Baroque? (12)

Answer 84

- Preference to curves, double curves and diagonal lines - Pediments in scroll forms - Flying figures in dangerous looking positions - Complexity - Deliberate lack of clarity - Open - Unity - Bold effects of gradation and climax - Use of light - Solomonic Column (twisted) - carved ornaments - used of pair columns

Question 85

Examples of Italian Baroque Architecture

Answer 85

``` St. Peter’s Basilica Baldachino The Fountain of Trevi San Carlo alle Quattro Fontante Santa Maria della Salute Church of II Gesu ```

Question 86

The exterior is composed of Corinthian pilasters. The Dome broke the canons of classical proportions by raising the dome over a square room much above its correct height and dividing the wall area into three horizontal zones Composed of lantern, dome balustrades, and statues piled above the gigantic pilasters.

Answer 86

St. Peter’s Basilica

Question 87

Considered the largest Baroque fountain in Rome

Answer 87

The Fountain of Trevi

Question 88

This had helped Francisco Borromini, his reputation for daring architectural innovation. It featured an alteration on concave and convex elements in the façade. As well as a drum that supported an oval dome.

Answer 88

San Carllo alle Quattro Fontante

Question 89

A Roman Catholic church designed by Baldassare Longhena A vast octagonal building with two domes and a pair of picturesque belltowers at the back. It also features scroll and volute buttresses

Answer 89

Santa Maria della Salute

Question 90

Designed by Giacomo Vignola for the mother church of the Society of Jesus- Jesuits. Its façade demonstrates “The first truly Baroque façade”

Answer 90

Church of II Gesu