Arterial Pulse Propagation And Reflexion

Question 1

What is Pulse Wave Speed?

Answer 1

The Velocity of the pressure wave generated by radial stretch of ascending aorta by left ventricular ejection.

Question 2

What are the effects of arterial compliance on PWS?

Answer 2

Decrease in compliance:

• Decreases Speed of Pulse
• Increase in TPR

Question 3

Explain Pulse-wave reflections in arterial system.

Answer 3

Radial stretch of ascending aorta by LV Ejection initiates pressure wave which moves down aorta and branches which travel faster than the blood

Question 4

Contrast Reflection features of pressure vs flow waves.

Answer 4

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Question 5

How does the pulse pressure wave differ in the older population?

Answer 5

Reduced Arterial compliance —> Faster pressure pulse wave

Question 6

What is the effect of reflection on measured arterial Pulse?

Answer 6

Wave reflection and resonance, vascular taping, and pressure-induced changes in transmission velocity contribute to peaking of Pa wave

Question 7

Describe the manner in which arterial pulses vary in different parts of the arterial circulation?

Answer 7

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Question 8

Define the ankle-brachial index and its significance.

Answer 8

Ratio of Systolic BP at ankle/dorsal pedis artery to brachial artery

Indicator of peripheral vascular disease

Question 9

Describe the pressure and flow pulse changes associated with peripheral arterial disease.

Answer 9

• Arterial sound is strong

- Low pitch smoothness and monophasic nature suggests arterial obstructions