arterial test 2

Question 1

hemodynamically significant obstructions cause…….

Answer 1

symptoms in le of claudication, rest pain, gangrene, and ulceration

Question 2

significant obstructions can also cause a change in what?

Answer 2

the waveform pulsatility distally, due to arterioles opening and changing resistance

Question 3

what happens to the pressure in the body, when there is a significant obstruction?

Answer 3

the pressure drops distal to the obstruction

Question 4

what does abi stand for?

Answer 4

ankle brachial index

Question 5

Is the systolic pressure higher at the ankle, or in the arm?

Answer 5

systolic blood pressure at the ankle is normally higher

Question 6

A decrease in the ankle pressure, is usually in indication of what?

Answer 6

obstruction proximally, which causes a pressure gradient, which lowers the blood pressure at the ankles

Question 7

What do ABI’s measure ?

Answer 7

they measure the pressure change distal to the significant obstruction

Question 8

What do ABI’s indicate?

Answer 8

they can indicate the presence of obstructions, as well as the severity of the decrease they have caused in perfusion to the ankle level

Question 9

ABI EQUATION

Answer 9

Abi= ankle pressure / Highest brachial pressure

Question 10

when calculating ABI’s…..

Answer 10

remember to use the highest of the two brachial pressures (RT or LT)

Question 11

what are some pressure measurement technique’s, when doing ABI’s?

Answer 11

• patient in supine position
• place 10-12cm pressure wide pressure cuffs just above ankles and on arms well above elbow
• measure pressure at DP, PT, and brachial arteries

Question 12

When taking pressures, if you can not hear the artery, what can you do ?

Answer 12

move up to listen to the distal ata, pta, or per a

Question 13

when measuring segmental pressures, how high should you inflate the cuff?

Answer 13

20-30MMHg over last audible sound

Question 14

If the brachial pressures are greater than 20mmHG different, or do not sound multiphasic, what should you do?

Answer 14

document brachial Doppler wave forms

Question 15

ankle pressures can normally be up to ________ mmHg higher than brachial.

Answer 15

24 mmHg

Question 16

whats happens to systolic pressure as blood flows down to the ankle?

Answer 16

systole pressure increases

Question 17

what is a normal ABI?

Answer 17

1.0-1.1

Question 18

An ABI less than 1.0, usually indicates what?

Answer 18

hemodynamically significant stenosis between the ankle and the heart

Question 19

what is considered borderline for ABI’s?

Answer 19

.92-1.0

Question 20

normal ABI

Answer 20

greater than .95

Question 21

Mild ABI

Answer 21

.80-.95 (claudication)

Question 22

Moderate ABI

Answer 22

.50-.79 (claudication)

Question 23

Severe ABI

Answer 23

.30-.49 (possible rest pain)

Question 24

Critical ABI

Answer 24

less than .30 (rest pain,gangrene,ulceration)

Question 25

If the ABI is greater than .50, it is likely that there is what?

Answer 25

one level (segment) with obstruction

Question 26

If the ABI is less than .50, it is likely that there is what?

Answer 26

multiple levels or segments with obstruction

Question 27

what ABI number is usually used to indicate a possible significant change, when comparing the ratios, from one study to the next?

Answer 27

greater than .15

Question 28

What ABI number usually tells you that there is a significant change, when comparing the ratios, from one study to the next?

Answer 28

greater than .20

Question 29

When taking ABI pressures, you should avoid...........

Answer 29

1. avoid moving the probe while inflating the cuff pressing. 2. pressing the DP too hard and compressing it with the probe

Question 30

what is the biggest limitation to ABI measurement?

Answer 30

calcification

Question 31

If the ABI is greater than 1.35, you should expect what?

Answer 31

calcification

Question 32

ABI advantages

Answer 32

1. simple equipment 2. easy to learn and execute 3. presence, severity, and progression of disease in a simple exam

Question 33

Why should you do both ABI's, using the DP and PT of each side?

Answer 33

improves accuracy