Arteries of the Appendicular Regions (Anatomical Guides, Limits) (Q3, P4)

Question 1

Anatomical Guide

Answer 1

Locates adjacent structures

Question 2

Anatomical Limits

Answer 2

Locates beginning and end points of an artery

Question 3

Linear Guides

Answer 3

An imaginary line where the artery is deeper

Question 4

Right and Left Common Iliac Arteries

Answer 4

Terminal branches of the aorta
Branch into the external and internal iliac arteries

Question 5

Anatomical Guide for the Common Iliacs

Answer 5

Runs along the superior medial border of the psoas major muscle toward the lower extremity.

Question 6

Anatomical Guide for the External Iliac Artery

Answer 6

Along the inferior medial border of the psoas major muscle

Question 7

Anatomical Limits for the External Iliac Artery

Answer 7

It passes obliquely inferiorly and laterally along the border of the psoas major muscle from the bifurcation of the common iliac to a point beneath the inguinal ligament.
It passes under the inguinal ligament about midway between the anterior superior crest of the ilium (iliac crest) and the pubic symphysis, where it enters the thigh and becomes the femoral artery.

Question 8

Anatomical Guide for the Femoral Artery

Answer 8

Located through the center of the femoral triangle (Scarpa’s triangle) bound laterally by the sartorius muscle, medially by the adductor longus muscle, superiorly by the inguinal ligament

Question 9

Anatomical limits for the Femoral Artery

Answer 9

Behind inguinal ligament - opening adductor magnus

Begins at a point behind the inguinal ligament and ends at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle

Question 10

Linear Guide for the Femoral Artery

Answer 10

Center inguinal ligament - medial condyle of femur

A line drawn on the surface of the thigh from the center of the inguinal ligament to a point on the medial condyle of the femur.
- Thumb: pubic symphis.
- Pinky: iliac crest

Question 11

Anatomical Guide for the Popliteal Artery

Answer 11

Opening of adductor magnus to lower popliteus

A continuation of the femoral artery and is located at the back of the knees It descends from the opening of the adductor magnus muscle to the lower border of the popliteus muscle, passing behind the knee joint. Just below the knee joint it divides into the posterior and anterior tibial arteries.

Question 12

Anatomical Limits for the Popliteal Artery

Answer 12

Adductor magnus - popliteus

Begins at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle and terminates at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle

Question 13

Linear Guide for the Popliteal Artery

Answer 13

Center of popliteal space downward

A line drawn through the center of the popliteal space parallel to the long axis of the lower extremity.

Question 14

Anatomical Guide for the Anterior Tibial Artery

Answer 14

Inferior and lateral edge of the tibia Originates at the bifurcation of the popliteal artery at the lower border of the popliteal space. At its point of termination, it becomes the dorsalis pedis artery.

Question 15

Anatomical Limits for the Anterior Tibial Artery

Answer 15

Inferior Patella - anterior ankle joint

Begins at the inferior border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle joint.

Question 16

Linear Guide for the Anterior Tibial Artery

Answer 16

Patella - ankle joint

A line drawn from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle joint.

Question 17

Anatomical Guide for the Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Answer 17

Between extensor hallucis longus tendon & extensor digitorum tendon

Is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery and lies between or in the groove between the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus muscle and the tendon of the extensor digitorum muscle on the dorsal surface of the foot.

Question 18

Linear Guide for the Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Answer 18

Anterior ankle joint - between 1st and 2nd toe

A line drawn from the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint to a point midway between the big toe and adjacent toe (between 1st and 2nd toe).

Question 19

Anatomical Limits for the Posterior Tibial Artery

Answer 19

Inferior popliteal space - beginning adductor hallucis

Begins at the inferior border of the popliteal space and ends at the origin of the abductor hallucis muscle

Question 20

Linear Guide for the Posterior Tibial Artery

Answer 20

Popliteal space - between medial malleolus & calcaneus

A line drawn from the center of the popliteal space to a point midway between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus bone.

Question 21

Anatomical Guide for the Posterior Tibial Artery

Answer 21

The groove behind and below the medial/inner malleolus (ankle joint).

Begins at the lower border of the popliteal space opposite the interval between the tibia and fibula.

Question 22

Anatomical Limits for the Right Subclavian Artery

Answer 22

Behind sternoclavicular articulation - lateral first rib

Begins at a point behind the sternoclavicular articulation and extends to the lateral border of the first rib.

Question 23

Anatomical Limits for the Left Subclavian Artery

Answer 23

2nd costal cartilage- 1st rib

Begins at the level of the 2nd costal cartilage and extends to the lateral border of the 1st rib.

Question 24

Branches of the Subclavian Arteries

Answer 24

Upper limbs are supplied by the arteries arising from the subclavian arteries

Vertebral Artery
Internal Thoracic Artery
Thyrocervical Trunk
Costocervical Trunk

Question 25

Vertebral Arteries

Answer 25

- Paired – right and left - Provide blood supply to the posterior regions of the brain - Pass through the foramen magnum and join to become the basilar artery, which is an upaired artery that ascends along the ventral midline of the brain to connect with the Circle of Willis (a cerebral arterial anastomoses, that unites the posterior blood supply of the brain with the anterior blood supply of the brain).

Question 26

Anatomical Guide for the Axillary Artery

Answer 26

Along or just behind the medial border of the **coracobrachialis** muscle.

Question 27

Anatomical Limits for the Axillary Artery

Answer 27

1st rib - teres major tendon Begins at the lateral border of the first rib and extends to the lower border of the tendon of the teres major muscle.

Question 28

Linear Guide for the Axillary Artery

Answer 28

Base of axillary space downward A line drawn through the center of the base of the axillary space and parallel to the long axis of the upper extremity when abducted

Question 29

Anatomical Guide for the Brachial Artery

Answer 29

Lies posterior to the medial border of the belly of the **biceps brachii muscle**

Question 30

Anatomical Limits for the Brachial Artery

Answer 30

Teres major - antecubital fossa Begins at the lower border of the tendon of the teres major muscle and extends just inferior to the antecubital fossa.

Question 31

Linear Guide for the Brachial Artery

Answer 31

Base axillary space - antecubital fossa A line drawn from the center of the base of the axillary space, to the center, inner bend of the elbow (antecubital fossa).

Question 32

Anatomical Guide for the Radial Artery

Answer 32

Located just lateral to the tendon of the **flexor carpi radialis** muscle.

Question 33

Anatomical Limits for the Radial Artery

Answer 33

From a point just inferior to the **antecubital fossa to the palm of the hand**

Question 34

Linear Guide for the Radial Artery

Answer 34

Antecubital fossa - base index finger A line drawn from the center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the index finger

Question 35

What becomes the Deep Palmar Arch?

Answer 35

The radial artery becomes the Deep Palmar Arch, which then branches into the Digital Arteries

Question 36

Anatomical Guide for the Ulnar Artery

Answer 36

Between flexor carpi ulnaris & flexor digitorum superficialis Lies lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, between the tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum superficialis.

Question 37

Anatomical Limits for the Ulnar Artery

Answer 37

Extends from the antecubital fossa to the palm of the hand

Question 38

Linear Guide for the Ulnar Artery

Answer 38

A line drawn from the center of the antecubital fossa to a point between the 4th and 5th fingers

Question 39

What becomes the Superficial Palmar Arch?

Answer 39

The ulnar artery becomes the Superficial Palmar Arch, which branches into the Digital Arteries.

Question 40

Progression of Vessels

Answer 40

Upper Body Carotid Subclavian Axillary Brachial Radial Ulnar Deep/Superficial Palmar Arch Digital Lower Body Common Illiac Internal Illiac External Illiac Femoral Poplitial Anterior Tibial Posterior Tibial Dorsalis Pedis

Question 41

arcuate artery

Answer 41

branch of the dorsalis pedis artery