Arthrokinematics

Question 1

Osteokinematics Physiologic motion

Answer 1

describes the motion between two or more bones that occur in the three cardinal planes

Question 2

Arthorkinematic motion

Answer 2

describes the motion that occurs between/ among joint articular surfaces

Question 3

3 cardinal planes

Answer 3

1. coronal
2. transverse
3. sagittal

Question 4

coronal

Answer 4

anteriorposterior axis

Question 5

transverse

Answer 5

longitudinal axis

Question 6

sagittal

Answer 6

mediolateral axis

Question 7

Joint Axis run:

Answer 7

orthogonal or perpendicular to the planes of motion

Question 8

Common motions in

Sagittal plane

Answer 8

flexion/ extension
dorsiflexsion & plantar flexion
forward & backward bending

Question 9

Frontal Plane

Answer 9

abduction / adductions
lateral flexion
ulnar & radial deviation
eversion/ inversion

Question 10

transverse

Answer 10

internal and external rotation

axial rotation

Question 11

degrees of flexion

Answer 11

refers to the number of independent directions of movement allowed for the joint

Question 12

maximum degrees of freedom

Answer 12

3 degrees of freedom that corresponds to the 3 cardinal planes

Question 13

arthorkinematics

Answer 13

describes the motion that occurs between the joint articular surfaces

Question 14

arthrokinematics can be:

Answer 14

active or passive

Question 15

active is

Answer 15

by muscle contraction

Question 16

passive is

Answer 16

by tension in adjacent connective tissue or natural joint laxity, thus accompany physiologic motions

Question 17

shape of joint

Answer 17

dictates arthro motion at a particular joint

Question 18

these shapes can be

Answer 18

convex or concave

Question 19

the convex-concave relationship

Answer 19

1. improves joint congruency
2. increases contact surface area for distributing forces
3. helps quid motion between bones

Question 20

2 things you need to know to predict arthro behavior

Answer 20

1. which surface is movable and which is fixed

2. which surface is concave and which is convexed

Question 21

Fundamental movements between joint surfaces

Answer 21

1. roll (rock)
2. glide (slide)
3. spin

Question 22

Roll

Answer 22

Rock
describes when MULTIPLE points along one articular surface contacts MULTIPLE points on another surface
ex: tire rotating across surface

Question 23

Glide

Answer 23

Slide
describes when a SINGLE point on one surface contacts MULTIPLE points on another surface
ex: tire skidding across surface

Question 24

Spin

Answer 24

pure spin describes when a SINGLE point on one surface rotates on a SINGLE point on another surface

ex: spinning top
ex: radius spins against capitulum of the humerus during pronation

Question 25

classic combo of all three

Answer 25

flexion and extension of the knee

Question 26

arthro principles of movement are based on :

Answer 26

the roll and glide of reciprocally concave/convex surfaces

Question 27

movable surface is convex

Answer 27

roll occurs in direction of physiologic motion | glide occurs in the opposite direction

Question 28

moveable surface is concave

Answer 28

roll & glide occur in the same direction of the physiologic motion

Question 29

spin

Answer 29

can occur when either concave or convex surface is movable occurs along the axis of movable bone where the longitudinal axis of the movable axis of long bone intersects the surface of its articular mate at right angles

Question 30

distal-on-proximal segment kinematics

Answer 30

OPEN kinetic chain

Question 31

Open kinetic chain refers to | distal-on-proximal

Answer 31

distal segment is NOT fixed to the earth and is free to move

Question 32

if you know the natural behavior of the articular surface of a given synovial joint you can:

Answer 32

take advantage of the accessory movements allowed at those joints and apply an external force on one surface in a deliberate direction to facilitate motion at that joint

Question 33

accessory movements:

Answer 33

"joint play" | are slight passive translator movements that occur in most joints

Question 34

the capacity for joint motion depends on:

Answer 34

the position of the joint

Question 35

each synovial join has a position of

Answer 35

maximal joint congruency

Question 36

closed-packed position

Answer 36

reinforcing ligaments and reinforcing portions of the joint capsule are taut thus rendering the joint in its naturally most stable position

Question 37

closed-packed is typically when:

Answer 37

the joint is near or in the very end range of motion

Question 38

open-packed or loose-packed

Answer 38

is described as any other position than the joint's closed-packed position

Question 39

loose-packed

Answer 39

ligaments and capsules are relatively slack and allow for increase in accessory motion at the joint

Question 40

proximal-on-distal kinetic chain

Answer 40

CLOSED kinetic chain describes a situation in which the distal segment of the kinematic chain is fixed to the earth or another immovable object