Arthrology of the shoulder complex

Question 1

What are the joints of the shoulder girdle? (5)

Answer 1

Acromioclavicular
Glenohumeral joint
Sternoclavicular joint
Subactomial space
Scapulothoracic joint

*all synovial except for Psudo scapulothoracic joint

Question 2

What are the two main ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 2

1. Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligament
2. costoclavicular ligament

Question 3

What is the attachment of the costoclavicular ligament

Answer 3

From the superior part of the cartilage of the first rib to the undersurface of the clavicle

Question 4

What is the function of the costoclavicular ligament

Answer 4

Prevents elevation of the clavicle , stabilizes the acromioclavicular joint

Question 5

Attachments of the sternoclavicular ligament

Answer 5

From lateral sternum to proximal clavicle

Question 6

Function of the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 6

provides protection and stability to the sternoclavicular joint

Question 7

What are the attachments for the acromioclavicular ligament

Answer 7

From the superior acromial head to the end of the clavicle

Question 8

What is the function of the acromioclavicular ligament

Answer 8

stabalization of the AC joint

Question 9

Function of the coricoclavicular ligament

Answer 9

stabalizes AC joint by limiting medial displacement, protraction, and elevation

Question 10

What is the attachments of the trapizoid ligament?

Answer 10

From the coracoid process to the trapizoid line of the clavicle

Question 11

What is the attachments of the corinoid ligament?

Answer 11

From the coracoid process to the corinoid tubricle of the clavicle

Question 12

What are the ligaments of the glenohumeral joint? (3)

Answer 12

1. Superior glenohumeral (SGHL)
2. Middle glenohumeral (MGHL)
3. Inferior glenohumerlaal (IGHL)

Question 13

What are the attachments of the SGHL,MGHL,IGHL?

Answer 13

From the upper part of the medial margin of the glenoid cavity to the lesser tubercle & antomical neck of the humerus

Question 14

What is the function of the SGHL,MGHL,IGHL?

Answer 14

stabilize GH articulation

Question 15

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 15

Saddle

Question 16

The clavicle is ___ superior to inferior

Answer 16

Convex

Question 17

The manubrium is ____ superior to inferior

Answer 17

Concave

Question 18

The clavicle is ____ anterior to posterior

Answer 18

Concave

Question 19

The manubrium is _____ anterior to posterior

Answer 19

Convex

Question 20

The clavicle is ___ while the acromion is ___

Answer 20

Clavicle: convex , acromion : concave

Question 21

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 21

plane/gliding joint: can glide and rotate

Question 22

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint

Answer 22

Ball and socket

Question 23

What is the most common pathology associated with the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 23

Joint sprain /separated shoulder:
“fall on the tip of the shoulder” acromion
progressive disruption of the coricoclavicular ligaments (trapizoid/conoid)

Graded by displacement: grades 1-3 non surgical , 4-6 require surgery

Question 24

What is the most common pathology associated with the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 24

SC joint dislocation (A/P)
very rare more common for a SC joint fracture
occurs with direct trama or blow to the clavicle on out stretched hands

Question 25

What type of SC joint dislocation has a higher risk of injury (critical structures?

Answer 25

Posterior

Question 26

What is the most common pathology/ injury associated with the Glenohumeral joint

Answer 26

Subacromial impingement: RTC tendon (m. deltooid/supraspinatus) , long head of the biceps tendon or subacromial bursa may get repeatedly compressed Causes: RTC dysfunction scapular positioning shape of acromion GH joint mobility deficit or hypermobility

Question 27

Restraints to GH ER at 0 ,45 and 90 deg. of abduction

Answer 27

0: Subscapularis SGHL 45: SGHL, MGHL 90: anterior band of IGHL

Question 28

Restraints to GH IR at 0 ,45 and 90 deg. of abduction

Answer 28

0: posterior band of IGHLC 45: anterior and posterior band of IGHLC 90: anterior and posterior band of IGHL

Question 29

Restraints to GH inferior translation at 0 ,snd 90 deg. of abduction

Answer 29

0: SGHL and coricohumeral lig. 90: IGHLC

Question 30

What are the static stabilizers of the GH joint

Answer 30

Labrum, joint capsule , ligaments

Question 31

What are the dynamic stabilizers of the GH joint

Answer 31

rotator cuff muscles + others

Question 32

What is the attachments for the Acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 32

from superior aspect of distal clavicle to adjacent acromion

Question 33

What is the function of the Acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 33

Stabilizes the AC joint

Question 34

What is the function of the coracoacromial joint

Answer 34

Prevents superior displacement of the humeral head by forming the coracoacromial arch

Question 35

What is the attachments of the coracoacromial joint

Answer 35

from lateral border of coracoid process to acromion adjacent to clavicular articulation

Question 36

What ligaments are disrupted in a AC joint sprain and describe mechanism of injury

Answer 36

Acromioclavicular lig. and trapezoid and conoid fall on the tip of the shoulder Grades 1-3 can be treated non-surgically

Question 37

What is unique about the scapulothoracic joint?

Answer 37

it s a fake joint "psudo joint"

Question 38

What are the motions of the scapulothoracic joint

Answer 38

Elevation /depression protraction retraction 3 rotations: 1. upward /downward rotation 2. ER/IR 3. Ant/post. tilt

Question 39

What are the three goals with scapulothoracic rhythm

Answer 39

1. allows for greater overall shoulder ROM 2. Maintains optimal contact between the humeral head and glenoid fossa (seal) 3. optimal length tension relationship of GH muscles

Question 40

Bilateral shoulder motion requires ____ to ___ deg. of thoracic extension Unilateral shoulder motion requires ___ to ___ of thoracic rotation

Answer 40

10-30 deg. for both

Question 41

static stabilizers of the shoulder , joint capsule , ligaments

Answer 41

Glenoid labrum : deepens socket 50-75 %

Question 42

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff

Answer 42

Supraspinatus Subscapularis Infraspinatus Teres minor Long head of biceps B-(L) ITT