Arthropoda

Question 1

What is the function of the Green Gland?

Answer 1

Excretory glands for waste removal and osmoregulation

Found in crustaceans.

Question 2

What are Mandibles?

Answer 2

Paired mouthparts for manipulating food

Commonly found in insects.

Question 3

What are Palps?

Answer 3

Sensory appendages near the mouth

Typically seen in both insects and arachnids.

Question 4

What are Tracheal Tubes?

Answer 4

Tubes that transport air to tissues

A key feature in the respiratory system of insects.

Question 5

What are Pedipalps?

Answer 5

Paired appendages used for sensing/feeding in arachnids

They assist in handling prey.

Question 6

What are Pheromones?

Answer 6

Chemical signals used to communicate

Important for social behavior in many insects.

Question 7

What are Swimmerets?

Answer 7

Swimming appendages on crustacean abdomen

They play a role in locomotion and reproduction.

Question 8

What are Maxillae?

Answer 8

Paired mouthparts for manipulating food

Essential for feeding in crustaceans.

Question 9

What are Ocelli?

Answer 9

Simple eyes detecting light

Found in many insects for light perception.

Question 10

What are Uropods/Telson?

Answer 10

Tail appendages used in movement/defense

Commonly found in crustaceans.

Question 11

What is an Oviposter?

Answer 11

Appendage for laying eggs

Present in certain insects for reproductive purposes.

Question 12

What is a Carapace?

Answer 12

Hard shell covering the cephalothorax

Provides protection in crustaceans.

Question 13

What is a Rostrum?

Answer 13

Forward-pointing head extension

Aids in feeding or defense in some crustaceans.

Question 14

What is a Cephalothorax?

Answer 14

Fused head and thorax

Characteristic of arachnids.

Question 15

What are Facets?

Answer 15

Lenses making up compound eyes

Allow for a wide field of vision in insects.

Question 16

What are Sperm Sacs?

Answer 16

Structures for storing sperm

Important for reproduction in both insects and arachnids.

Question 17

What are Gastric Caeca?

Answer 17

Assist with digestion and absorption

Found in the digestive system of insects.

Question 18

What are Silk Glands?

Answer 18

Produce silk in arachnids

Used for web building and other functions.

Question 19

What are Spiracles?

Answer 19

Gas exchange openings

Present in insects for respiration.

Question 20

What are Book Lungs?

Answer 20

Stacked respiratory structures in arachnids

Facilitate gas exchange.

Question 21

What is a Labrum?

Answer 21

Upper lip-like structure for feeding

Acts as a food guide in many insects.

Question 22

What are Chelipeds?

Answer 22

Clawed appendages for grasping/defense

Typically found in crustaceans.

Question 23

What are Spinnerets?

Answer 23

Produce silk threads

Essential for web building in arachnids.

Question 24

What are Malpighian Tubules?

Answer 24

Filter waste from body fluids

Found in insects for excretion.

Question 25

True or False: Pincers are used for swimming in crustaceans.

Answer 25

False ## Footnote Pincers are primarily used for defense and grasping.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The _______ are claw-like structures for defense/prey capture.

Answer 26

Chelipeds ## Footnote Common in crustaceans.

Question 27

What does 'arthro-' mean?

Answer 27

'joint' ## Footnote This prefix indicates the jointed nature of arthropods.

Question 28

What does '-poda' mean?

Answer 28

'foot' or 'legs' ## Footnote This suffix refers to the leg-like structures of arthropods.

Question 29

What are the five major groups of arthropods?

Answer 29

* Trilobitomorpha * Chelicerata * Crustacea * Myriapoda * Hexapoda

Question 30

What are some common examples of Trilobitomorpha?

Answer 30

Extinct marine arthropods known as trilobites. ## Footnote Trilobites were diverse and abundant in ancient oceans.

Question 31

What are some common examples of Chelicerata?

Answer 31

* Spiders * Scorpions * Ticks * Mites * Horseshoe crabs * Sea spiders

Question 32

What are some common examples of Crustacea?

Answer 32

* Crabs * Lobsters * Shrimp * Barnacles * Krill

Question 33

What are some common examples of Myriapoda?

Answer 33

* Centipedes * Millipedes

Question 34

What are some common examples of Hexapoda?

Answer 34

Insects and their relatives. ## Footnote Hexapoda is the largest group of arthropods.

Question 35

What are the shared characteristics of arthropods?

Answer 35

* Bilateral symmetry * Segmented body * Hard exoskeleton * Jointed legs * Many pairs of limbs

Question 36

What distinguishes insects from other arthropods?

Answer 36

* Body divided into head, thorax, and abdomen * One pair of antennae * Three pairs of mouth appendages * Three pairs of legs on thorax * One or two pairs of wings

Question 37

What distinguishes chelicerates from other arthropods?

Answer 37

* Body divided into cephalothorax and abdomen * No antennae * Two pairs of appendages on cephalothorax (chelicerae and pedipalps) * Four pairs of walking legs

Question 38

What distinguishes crustaceans from other arthropods?

Answer 38

* Body divided into cephalothorax and abdomen * Two pairs of antennae * Three pairs of mouth appendages

Question 39

What distinguishes myriapods from other arthropods?

Answer 39

* Body built from a head and long, repeating trunk * One pair of antennae * Many limbs on trunk

Question 40

What distinguishes trilobites from other arthropods?

Answer 40

* Body built from cephalon, thorax, and pygidium * Body divided into three lobes * One pair of antennae

Question 41

How do some stomopods use their adaptations for life processes?

Answer 41

They use huge forelegs to break the shells of molluscs for food.

Question 42

How do coconut crabs use their adaptations?

Answer 42

They have very thick exoskeletons and can crush coconuts.

Question 43

How do barnacles use their adaptations?

Answer 43

They use their legs to grab particles passing through water and pull them back inside for food.

Question 44

What do grasshoppers use their legs for?

Answer 44

Jumping.

Question 45

What do bee legs carry?

Answer 45

Pollen.

Question 46

What adaptations limit the size of arthropods?

Answer 46

* Molting is more dangerous for larger animals * Exoskeleton strength is insufficient for larger sizes * Respiration limits oxygen intake for larger bodies

Question 47

What adaptations do crustaceans have for respiration?

Answer 47

They have gills/booklungs for oxygen diffusion into the blood.

Question 48

What adaptations do insects have for respiration?

Answer 48

They have trachea and tracheoles for air circulation and oxygen diffusion.

Question 49

What is the general characteristic of arthropods related to nervous system organization?

Answer 49

High cephalization.

Question 50

What type of circulatory system do arthropods have?

Answer 50

Open circulatory systems.

Question 51

What is the composition of the exoskeleton in arthropods?

Answer 51

Chitin.

Question 52

What is a function of the gastric caeca in arthropods?

Answer 52

They assist in digestion.