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Zoology > Arthropoda > Flashcards

Arthropoda Flashcards

1
Q

How many Arthropoda species are there?

A

More than a million

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2
Q

What are features of Arthropoda?

A 
Exoskeleton 
Bilateral symmetry 
Coelomates 
Segmented body 
Paired jointed appendages 
Respiratory, excretory, blood, senatorial systems well developed
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3
Q

What shoes exoskeleton consist of in a Arthropoda?

A

Chitin and proteins

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4
Q

What are advantages of hard exoskeleton?

A

Independence from environment
Protection
Reduce water loss
More efficient locomotion

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5
Q

What are disadvantages of hard exoskeleton for Arthropoda?

A

Limit growing
Limit gas exchange
Limit movement

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6
Q

What is the growing process called of Arthropoda?

A

Moulting

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7
Q

How does gas exchange work in an Arthropoda?

A

Through skin (small organisms)
Gills (aquatic and crustaceans)
Book lungs (terrestrial, scorpion and spider)
Trachea (terrestrial, insect and millipedes)

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8
Q

What do mechanorecptors detect?

A

Touch and vibrations

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9
Q

What do chemoreceptors defect?

A

Smell and taste

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10
Q

What do photoreceptors detect?

A

Light

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11
Q

How do Arthropoda reproduce ?

A

Sexually with separate sexes with direct speed transfer

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12
Q

What animal fertilise externally?

A

Horseshoe crab

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13
Q

What are the adaption of Arthropoda on land?

A

Excrete nitrogen instead of ammonia

Internal fertilisation

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14
Q

What are features of crustacea (sub phylum)?

A 
Aquatic e.g crab shrimp 
No waxy cuticle 
Gas exchange via gills 
Simple eyes 
Separate sexes 
Females carry eggs until they hatch
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15
Q

What are features of myriapoda(sub phylum)?

A 
Terrestrial e.g millipede centipede 
Waxy cuticle 
Gas exchange by trachea
Simple eyes 
Separate sexes 
Antenna
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16
Q

What’s the features of chelicerata (sub phylum)?

A

Terrestrial e.g scorpion, spider
Gas exchange by lung trachea or gills
Simple eyes but many
4 pairs of matching legs

17
Q

How many species of chelicerata are there?

A

100,000 species

18
Q

What is the most diverse living group?

A

Arthropoda 75% of all animal species

19
Q

Why are insects so successful?

A 
Great adaptability small body size 
Adapted exoskeleton
Capable of flight 
Developed sensorial organ
High fecundity
20
Q

What is the body plan if Hexapoda?

A

Head: antenna, simple eyes, 1 compound eye
Thorax: 3 pairs of legs, 2 pairs of wings
Abdomen: digestive system, stigmata and trachea, sexual organs

21
Q

What are the types of mouthparts?

A 
Chewing (herbivore)
Piercing sucking (plant/ blood)
Sucking (nectar)
Sponging sucking (fluid)
Cutting sucking (blood)
Chewing lapping (nectar)
22
Q

What are the types of wings?

A 
Membranous wings
Tegma
Elytra
Hemielytra
Scales
Halter
23
Q

What are elytra wings?

A

First pair wings hard and covering the other pair of wings

24
Q

What are halter wings?

A

Second pair of wings modified into a stalk with a knob for steering

25
Q

What are tegma wings?

A

First pair of wings sclerotised

26
Q

What are hemielytra?

A

Half of the wing leathery and the other half membranous

27
Q

How do insects fly?

A

Contracting longitudinal muscles then vertical

28
Q

What are services insects do?

A

Pollination
Pest Control
Nutrient recycling

29
Q

What are disservices insects do?

A

Crop pests
Livestock ectoparasites
Disease vectors

30
Q

What are features of the order Collembola?

A

Speingtails
Small
Adult wingless
Soil dwellers

31
Q

What are features of the order Ephemeroptera?

A

Mayflies
Adult with membranous wings
Short life adults

32
Q

What order are dragonflies?

A

Odonata

33
Q

What is a common characteristic of all Hexapoda?

A

3 pairs of legs

34
Q

Are arthropoda the only group of invertebrates with species capable of flying?

A

Yes

35
Q

How many orders of hexapoda are there?

A

33

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