articles lecture 1 Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is the definition of identity according to Moshman?
An identity is, at least in part, an explicit theory of oneself as a person.
This definition emphasizes the complexity of identity construction during adolescence.
Who was the first to draw attention to the notion of identity and how did he view adolescence?
Erikson viewed adolescence as the period when individuals have to accomplish the task of constructing an identity of the self or ego identity.
Erikson emphasized the integration of experiences, skills, and social roles into a complex identity.
What are the bases of ego identity according to Erikson?
- Vocational decision making
- Ideological values
- Sexual identity
What is the psychosocial moratorium phase in adolescence?
A period during which adolescents can explore alternative roles and identities.
This exploration leads to greater satisfaction with their identities.
What are the key concepts developed by Marcia regarding identity?
- Exploration
- Commitment
What characterizes foreclosed identity?
Presence of commitment and absence of exploration, often drawn from authority figures.
Youth with foreclosed identity may be rigid and conformist.
What is identity diffusion?
A state where the adolescent experiences neither crisis nor commitment and is not actively exploring his/her sense of self.
Youth in this state are easily influenced by peers.
What occurs during the moratorium stage of identity development?
The adolescent experiences a crisis about identity but does not commit to a particular sense of self.
This stage involves exploration without commitment and may lead to anxiety and doubts.
What defines identity achievement?
Both crisis and commitment are present, leading to a positive self-image and acceptance of responsibility.
Youth in this stage are flexible and independent.
How do friends and peers influence identity development in adolescents?
Adolescents may try out new attitudes and behaviors with friends, who provide support and feedback.
Problems with friends negatively affect adolescent identity trajectories.
What is McAdams’ view on identity development?
Identity is an ongoing and fluid process, adapted to current postmodern conditions.
It involves constructing narratives or dynamic internal life stories.
What are the different aspects of identity as distinguished by scholars?
- Personal identity
- Social identity
- Gender identity
- Ethnic identity
What is the definition of ethnic identity?
An enduring, fundamental aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group and associated attitudes and feelings.
Ethnic identity is constructed during adolescence.
What are the two meanings of online identity?
- Identity as identification and self-presentation
- Online identity as a psychological conceptualization of an individual’s online self
What is a virtual representation in online identity?
A cluster of digital data about a user, including name, email address, online history, and status.
It serves as the user’s face and body in the digital context.
What is online self-presentation?
The different ways users present themselves to other online users.
It includes choices about which aspects of the self to reveal.
What tools do adolescents use for online self-presentation?
- Nicknames (usernames)
- a/s/l code
- Avatars
- Photos and videos
What did the blog study reveal about teen authors and their self-presentation?
Teen authors used usernames to convey gender, age, and location, and many included user pictures.
The narratives in blogs helped establish their sense of self.
What is the relationship between online activities and identity development?
Adolescents’ online behaviors often correspond to their offline identity status, with opportunities for exploration and fewer commitments in online contexts.
How do adolescents with a foreclosed identity behave online?
They may revert to a state of identity diffusion, experimenting with identity without commitment.
Many report differences between their online and offline selves.
What is the state of moratorium in relation to online identity?
Adolescents in moratorium try out different roles online, breaking norms and experimenting with self-presentation.
They may feel more open online than in reality.
What is the ‘MAMA’ cycle in identity development?
Phases of moratorium and identity achievement are repeated throughout life.
Digital contexts can facilitate this cycle by offering safe experimentation.
What is the ‘MAMA’ cycle in identity development?
The ‘MAMA’ cycle refers to the repeated phases of moratorium and identity achievement in identity development.
