Articular Cartilage And Meniscal Injuries

Question 1

How is the meniscus often injured?

Answer 1

Twisting

Question 2

How is pain in meniscus injuries?

Answer 2

Worse with movement and better with rest

Question 3

What may people with a meniscus injury complain of?

Answer 3

Locking

Question 4

Longitudinal meniscal lesion

Answer 4

Most common type

Question 5

Bucket handle lesion

Answer 5

Longitudinal can lead to bucket handle and this is where the catching of knee happens

Question 6

What are good prognosis for healing of a meniscal tear?

Answer 6

Age < 35

Peripheral damage

Longitudinal tear

Short tear

Acute injury

Stable knee

Question 7

What are the hallmark findings for joint line tenderness in a meniscus tear?

Answer 7

Good sensitivity

Question 8

What are the hallmark findings for effusion in a meniscus tear?

Answer 8

Mild-mod over 1-2 days

Question 9

What are the hallmark findings for positive entrapment test in a meniscus tear?

Answer 9

Mcmurrays

Apleys

Squat

Question 10

What are the hallmark findings for quad inhibition in a meniscus tear?

Answer 10

Atrophy over first week or two following injury

Question 11

What is a traumatic articular cartilage injury?

Answer 11

Ligament damage

Question 12

What is a non traumatic articular cartilage injury?

Answer 12

Repetitive microtrauma (asymptomatic and non progressive)

Question 13

What is a lavage surgery?

Answer 13

Short term pain relief (sham surgery)

Question 14

What are treatments for a low demand lesion of < 2.5 cm?

Answer 14

Debridement

Microfracture

Question 15

What are treatments for a high demand lesion < 2.5 cm?

Answer 15

Microfracture

AOT

Question 16

What are treatments for low demand lesions of 2.5-4 cm?

Answer 16

Microfracture

AOT

ACI

Question 17

What are treatments for a high demand lesion of 2.5-4 cm?

Answer 17

AOT

ACI

OAT

Question 18

What are treatments for a lesion of > 4 cm?

Answer 18

ACI

OAT

Question 19

What are risk factors of anterior knee pain?

Answer 19

Age

Active

Women

Rear foot runner

Increased Q angle

Increased tibial ER

Patellar mal alignment

Weak quads

Tight ITB, hamstrings

Question 20

What is the difference between a subluxation and dislocation?

Answer 20

Subluxation- partial

Dislocation- full

Question 21

What are causes of anterior knee dislocation?

Answer 21

Trauma

Non contact twisting

Blow to medial side of knee

Question 22

What is the function of articular cartilage?

Answer 22

Reduce friction

Fluidity of joint

Question 23

How do traumatic cartilage lesions usually occur?

Answer 23

ACL or fracture

Question 24

How does a non traumatic articular cartilage lesion usually occur?

Answer 24

Age or Repetitive motions

Question 25

Grade 1 focal articular cartilage lesion

Answer 25

Softening

Question 26

Grade 2 focal articular cartilage lesion

Answer 26

Fibrillation

Question 27

Grade 3 focal articular cartilage lesion

Answer 27

Partial thickness

Question 28

Grade 4 focal articular cartilage lesion

Answer 28

Full thickness with exposed bone

Question 29

Which type of surgery is performed for a grade 1 articular cartilage lesion?

Answer 29

No surgery indicated

Question 30

Which type of surgery is performed to repair an articular cartilage lesion which is less than 2.5 cm deep for a younger highly active individual?

Answer 30

Microfracture

Question 31

Which surgery is allowed WBAT immediately following the procedure?

Answer 31

Debridement

Question 32

What is indicative of both a meniscal tear and anterior knee pain?

Answer 32

Pain while performing a squat

Question 33

What is the most common site for fractures in the knee?

Answer 33

Patella and tibial plateau

Question 34

What is osteocondral?

Answer 34

Damages to cartilage or bone

Question 35

Why do most osteochondrals occur?

Answer 35

Patellar dislocation or ACL injury

Question 36

What causes a tibial plateau?

Answer 36

Trauma Excessive varus, valgus, or compressive forces

Question 37

Who often gets a tibial tubercle?

Answer 37

Young male athletes

Question 38

When does a tibial tubercle happen?

Answer 38

Eccentric loading of the quads

Question 39

What is a segond fracture?

Answer 39

Avulsion fracture associated with anterolateral ligament

Question 40

What causes of segond fracture?

Answer 40

Excessive tibial IR Varus stress

Question 41

What is the most important complication in a tibial femoral dislocation?

Answer 41

Potentially limb threatening

Question 42

What can a tibial femoral dislocation result in?

Answer 42

Fractures or ligament disruption

Question 43

How long are fractures immobilized for?

Answer 43

4-6 weeks

Question 44

What is the most common type of salter Harris epiphyseal complex fractures?

Answer 44

Type 2

Question 45

What is the most severe type of salter Harris epiphyseal complex fractures?

Answer 45

Type 5

Question 46

What is osteochondritis dissecans?

Answer 46

Idiopathic lesion of subchondral bone

Question 47

If you cannot find much with a physical exam what disease does that indicate?

Answer 47

OCD

Question 48

What criteria would cause you to lead a patient to his physician for further testing?

Answer 48

Thought and calf swelling on affected side Tenderness along deep venous system Pitting edema

Question 49

Does a bucket handle meniscus tear need surgery?

Answer 49

Yes

Question 50

Does a longitudinal meniscus tear need surgery?

Answer 50

No