ARTICULAR SYSTEM Flashcards
(28 cards)
Flexion
Decreases angle between bones
Extension
Increases angle between bones
Hyperextension
Increases the joint angle beyond the anatomical position
Dorsiflexion
Raises food upward at ankle joint
Plantar flexion
Pushes the foot down at the ankle joint
Abduction
Moves a bone away from the midline
Adduction
Moves a bone towards the midline
Rotation
Moves a bone around a central axis perpendicular to the axis
Circumduction
Moves a bone so the ends of it describes a circle and the sides of it describe a bone
Supination
Moves the Palms of the hand to an upright position or from a posterior to anterior position if at the side of the body
Pronation
Moves the palm of the hand to a downward position or from an anterior position to a posterior position if at the side of the body
Eversion
Moves the sole of the foot outward at the ankle
Inversion
Moves the sole of the foot inward at the ankle
Protraction
Moves a part of the body forward on a plane parallel to the ground
Retraction
Moves a part of the body backward on a plane parallel to the ground
Elevation
Raises a part of the body
Depression
Lowers a part of the body
Opposition
Unique to the thumb, allows the tip of the thumb and the fingers to be bought together
Reposition
The opposite of opposition
Ball and socket joint
Multi axial, allows the widest range of movement, as in the shoulder and hip joint
The hinge joint
Uniaxial, limits movement to flexion and extension examples: Knees, elbows, and the middle and distal phalanges of the fingers and toes
Pivot joint
Uniaxial, limits movement to rotation in one plane, such as the atlas and axis articulation in the spine
Condyloid joint/ ellipsoidal
Biaxial, allows motion in two planes at right angles to each other, as in the wrist joint between the radius and carpal bones
Saddle joint
Biaxial, found only in the thumb, allows movement in two planes at right angles to one another and is located at the carpal metacarpal articulation in the thumb
