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Flashcards in Articulations Deck (29)
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1
Q

What are the structural classifications of joints?

A

Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.

2
Q

Fibrous joint

A

No joint cavity, bones held together with collagen fibers.

3
Q

Cartilaginous joint

A

No joint cavity, bones held together with cartilage.

4
Q

Synovial joint

A

Have a synovial cavity, bones held together with an enclosed capsule and ligaments.

5
Q

What are the functional classifications of joints?

A

Synarthroses, amphiarthroses, and diarthroses.

6
Q

Synarthroses

A

Immovable joints

7
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

Slightly movable joints

8
Q

Diarthroses

A

Freely movable joints

9
Q

Gliding

A

Waving hand

10
Q

Flexion

A

Decreases the angle of the joint; example: bending knee back

11
Q

Extension

A

Increases the angle of the joint

12
Q

Extension of the shoulder

A

Moving arm toward back

13
Q

Hyperextension

A

Moves a joint beyond the usual extended angle

14
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Movement of the ankle, toes toward shin

15
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Movement of the ankle, toes pointed down (like standing on toes)

16
Q

Abduction

A

Movement of the limb away from the midline of the body

17
Q

Adduction

A

Movement of the limb toward the midline of the body

18
Q

Circumduction

A

Move hand/arm in circles

19
Q

Rotation

A

Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis; medial and lateral rotation (toward the midline, away from the midline)

20
Q

Supination

A

Movement from palms facing posteriorly to anteriorly; palms up (anatomical position); radius and ulna are parallel

21
Q

Pronation

A

Movement of palm from palms upward facing to posterior facing, palms down; radius rotates over the ulna

22
Q

Inversion

A

Movement of the foot that turns the sole of the foot medially

23
Q

Eversion

A

Movement of the foot that turns the sole of the foot laterally

24
Q

Opposition

A

Fingers to thumb; OK? position

25
Q

Hinge joint

A

Uniaxial: flexion and extension. Type of synovial joint. Examples: elbow, knee, phalanges.

26
Q

Pivot joint

A

Uniaxial: rotation. Type of Synovial joint. Examples: proximal radioulnar joint.

27
Q

Condyloid joint

A

Biaxial: flexion and extension, adduction and abduction. Type of synovial joint. Examples: metacarpophalangeal (knuckles).

28
Q

Saddle joint

A

Biaxial: flexion and extension, abduction and adduction. Type of synovial joint. Examples: carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.

29
Q

Ball and socket joint

A

Multiaxial: flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, rotation. Type of synovial joint. Examples: shoulder, hips.