Articulatory phonetics

Question 1

What is articulatory phonetics?

Answer 1

The science of speech/ the description of speech sounds according to their production

Question 2

What is acoustic phonetics?

Answer 2

The relationship between articulation and the acoustic signal (transmission), frequency, intensity, duration

Question 3

What is auditory phonetics?

Answer 3

Perception of acoustic signal

Question 4

What are the two types of airflow used in speech?

Answer 4

1) Series of air pulses caused by the action of vocal folds (voicing/phonation)
2) continues airflow (voiceless sounds, VF abducted)

Question 5

What are the boundaries of the vocal tract?

Answer 5

Lips to glottis

Question 6

What movements are there that change the length in the vocal tract?

Answer 6

1) upward and downward movement of the larynx

1) Forward and backward movement of the lips

Question 7

What articulators are most important/constrict airflow?

Answer 7

(tongue, lips, velopharynx) constrict airflow; jaw

Question 8

What are the characteristics of vowels?

Answer 8

• -Open(no significant constriction), sonorous (louder)

- -voiced except during whisper

Question 9

What are the characteristics of vowels?

Answer 9

• -Open(no significant constriction), more sonorant (louder)
• -voiced except during whisper
• -function as syllable nuclei

Question 10

Can vowels constitute syllables by themselves?

Answer 10

Yes ex: ago

Question 11

What are the glides in GAE?

Answer 11

/j/ /w/

Question 12

What are the liquids in GAE?

Answer 12

/l/ /r/

Question 13

What are the nasals in GAE?

Answer 13

/m/ /n/ /ng/

Question 14

What are the voiced fricatives in GAE?

Answer 14

/ʒ/ /v/ /ð//z/ /ɦ/

Question 15

What are the voiceless fricatives in GAE?

Answer 15

/h/ /ʃ/ /f/ /s/ /θ/

Question 16

What are the voiceless fricatives in GAE?

Answer 16

/h/ /ʃ/ /f/ /s/ /θ/

Question 17

What are the voiced affricates in GAE?

Answer 17

/d͡ʒ/

Question 18

What are the voiceless affricates in GAE?

Answer 18

/tʃ/

Question 19

What are the voiced stops in GAE?

Answer 19

/b/ /d/ /g/

Question 20

What are the voiceless stops in GAE?

Answer 20

/p/ /t/ /k/

Question 21

What are the categories of sonorant consonants?

Answer 21

Glides, liquids, nasals

Question 22

What are the categories of obstruent consonants?

Answer 22

Fricatives, affricates, stops

Question 23

What are the characteristics of consonants?

Answer 23

• -voiced or voiceless
• -significant constriction in oral/pharyngeal cavities
• -sonorant or obstruent
• -usually not syllable nuclei

Question 24

What are the two most commonly used classifiers for vowels?

Answer 24

Position relative to plate (high-low, front-back) and degree of muscle activity (tense or lax)

Question 25

What is the least common classifier for vowels?

Answer 25

Open/closed (relative proximity of the tongue to the roof)

Question 26

What is a digraph/what is considered one?

Answer 26

Have 2 elements ex: dipthongs, affricates, clusters

Question 27

What is the difference between phonemic and nonphonemic dipthongs?

Answer 27

In phonemic dipthongs both sounds are crucial. If one sound is left out the meaning is changed. This is not true with nonphonemic dipthongs.

Question 28

Are all GAE dipthongs rising or falling?

Answer 28

Rising (low to high)

Question 29

What is the name of the first element in a dipthong?

Answer 29

Onglide

Question 30

What is the name of the last element in a dipthong?

Answer 30

Offglide

Question 31

What are the bilabial sounds?

Answer 31

p, b, m, w,

Question 32

WHat are the labiodental sounds? What is the tongue doing?

Answer 32

/f, v/ . Neutral

Question 33

What are the interdental sounds? What two ways to produce?

Answer 33

/th/. Friction noise tongue tip and teeth (incisors) Interdental (between teeth) Dental(behind teeth)

Question 34

Why are both visual and auditory info crucial for assessment?

Answer 34

th and f are very similar

Question 35

What are the alveolar sounds?

Answer 35

n, t, d, l, s, z

Question 36

What is the difference between /t/ d/ and /n/

Answer 36

THink place voice manner and VP port. Only idfference between n and d = VP port. If sick, sound same

Question 37

What are the three types of /l/?

Answer 37

Light(linguodental=prevocalic, contact necessary, front Dark(linguoalveolar=postvocalis, back, contact not necessary Syllabic (sometimes considered dark)

Question 38

What are the velar sounds? How made?

Answer 38

/k, n, ng/ Tongue dorsum contacts roof of mouth

Question 39

How is /ng/ different to /k/ and /g/?

Answer 39

ng open VP port

Question 40

What are the glottal sounds?

Answer 40

/h ?/

Question 41

What are the two types of allophonic distribution?

Answer 41

Complimentary distribution (don't occur in same environment) and free distribution (can occur in same environment)

Question 42

Which type of transcription utilizes diacritics?

Answer 42

Narrow transcription

Question 43

When would you use diacritics?

Answer 43

atypical sound not explained by the phonetic environment