Arts 1

Question 1

In this position art is seen as self-contained, focusing solely on its elements and principles, detached from real-world references.

Answer 1

Formalist Position

Question 2

In this position art is framed within its social and historical context to
grasp its full meaning.

Answer 2

Contextualist Position

Question 3

Art is an attempt to create pleasing form

Answer 3

Herbert Read

Question 4

Ernst Cassirer

Answer 4

Art is the enjoyment of all forms

Question 5

Art is expression; it is not intention or talent

Answer 5

Bernadetto Croce

Question 6

Art is the skilled performance or distinctive ability in any activity whatsoeve

Answer 6

James Jarrett

Question 7

Art is the power to produce a preconceived result by means of consciously
controlled and directed action

Answer 7

Roman and Greek concepts

Question 8

Art molds our actual life of feeling; by giving form to the world it articulates human
nature, sensibility energy, passion and mortality

Answer 8

Suzanne Langer

Question 9

Art is any embellishment of ordinary living that is achieved with competence and
has describable form.

Answer 9

Melville Herskovits

Question 10

Questions the nature of artworks—are they physical objects, ideas, or something else—and how do they relate to the artist, the audience, and the world around them?

Answer 10

Ontology

Question 11

Posits that works of art are just physical objects—lumps of marble, pigment-covered canvasses, sequences of sound waves or
marks on pages.

Answer 11

Physical-object hypothesis

Question 12

Posited the physical-object hypothesis

Answer 12

Wollheim (1980)

Question 13

Counterargument to the physical-object hypothesis that asserts art is a recreation of the artist’s mental activity by the audience

Answer 13

Art as an imaginative experience

Question 14

Asserts that art is an imagjnative experience

Answer 14

R.J Collingwood

Question 15

Asserts that works of art are not real physical objects but rather unreal/imagined entities.

Answer 15

Jean-Paul Satre

Question 16

Three ontological views on art

Answer 16

•Physical-Object Hypothesis

•Art is reconstructed by the imagination/an imagined activity

•Imaginary or unreal object sustained by imagination

Question 17

Apparatus that has the power and authority to sustain ideology

Answer 17

[ISA] Ideological State Apparatus

Question 18

Apparatus whose primary mode of function is coercion and force

Answer 18

[RSA] Repressive State Apparatus

Question 19

Underlying meaning of an Art

Answer 19

Connotation

Question 20

Literal meaning of an art

Answer 20

Denotation

Question 21

Examples of ISA

Answer 21

•Church
•Education/Academia
•Mass Media
•Arts

Question 22

Examples of RSA

Answer 22

•Military
•Governments
•Prison

Question 23

Principles of Organization

Answer 23

•Focal Point
•Visual Unity
•Scale and Proportion
•Balance
•Rhythm and Motion

Question 24

Visual Elements

Answer 24

•Line
•Color
•Value
•Texture
•Shape
•Space

Question 25

This style has a subject matter recognizable from the world of people and nature.

Answer 25

Representational Style

Question 26

This style make no reference to the natural world but focus instead on formal elements. Its “subject” is the artwork itself— its lines, colors, shapes, and texture

Answer 26

Abstract/Non-representational

Question 27

Represents the imaginary relationship of individuals to their real conditions of existence

Answer 27

Ideology

Question 28

It is the use of language and images to create meaning.

Answer 28

Representation

Question 29

Style that accurately depicts reality as it exists, with an emphasis on everyday scenes in detail; represents the world truthfully.

Answer 29

Realism

Question 30

Style that focuses on shapes, colors and forms to represent concepts and ideas; favors a more symbolic approach

Answer 30

Abstraction

Question 31

Focus on emotional experience; uses bold forms, exaggerated and distorted figures to convey intensity or mood

Answer 31

Expressionism

Question 32

Societies w/o class divisions; resources and labor were shared collectively Art was tied to survival/spiritual practices

Answer 32

Primal Communal Society

Question 33

-Art is treated as a product. It can be bought and sold within the Market.

Answer 33

Capitalist System

Question 34

Class based system where lords controlled the resources and peasants worked the land in exchange for protection. Tool for glorification of ruling class and religion

Answer 34

Feudal System

Question 35

Transitional period where trade and commerce became central. Merchants/Patronage/Portraits/Power

Answer 35

Mercantilist

Question 36

Designed the Letras y Figuras

Answer 36

Josè Honorato Lozano