ASD

Question 1

What are the four types of ASD’s?

Answer 1

-Secundum
-Primum
-Sinus venous
-Coronary sinus

Question 2

Where is the secundum ASD located and how common is it?

Answer 2

-Located mid septum
-70% most common

Question 3

Where is the primum ASD located and how common is it?

Answer 3

-inferior septal
-20% - second most common

Question 4

Where is the sinus venosus ASD located and how common is it?

Answer 4

-superior septal
-8%

Question 5

Where is the coronary sinus ASD located and how common is it?

Answer 5

-Inferior septal close to the coronary sinus
-2%

Question 6

What is the most common type of ASD?

1.PFO
2.primum
3. Secundum.
4. Sinus venosus.

Answer 6

3.Secundum

Question 7

What is the best view to diagnose a sinus venosus ASD?

1. Apical 4 chamber
   2 PSAX
   3.PLAX
2. Modified subcostal 4 chamber.

Answer 7

4. Modified subcostal 4 chamber.

Question 8

A sinus venosus ASD involves which pulmonic vein?

Answer 8

Right upper pulmonary vein

Question 9

What is the best view to demonstrate an ASD?

Answer 9

Subcostal 4 chamber

Question 10

What kind of chamber enlargement can occur due to an ASD?

Answer 10

Bi atrial enlargement due to volume overload

Question 11

True or false - atrial septum aneurysms do not have small shunts

Answer 11

False. They may have a small residual shunt.

Question 12

What kind IVS movement do we see on Echo with a pt that has a ASD?

Answer 12

Paradoxical and flattening movement of the IVS

Question 13

What is micro cavitation?

Answer 13

A bubble study

Question 14

What kind of study is sensitive for diagnosing atrial septal defects?

1. MRI
2. Microcavitation.
3. Angiogram.
4. Stress test.

Answer 14

2. Micro cavitation.

Question 15

A _____ can be detected with micro cavitation in about ____ to ____. % of normals.

Answer 15

PFO; 20 to 30%

Question 16

True or false- a PFO shunt can sometimes become a right to left shunt after a Valsalva maneuver

Answer 16

True

Question 17

When scanning for a ASD how should you’ve change your nyquist limit color flow ?

Answer 17

Lower it to <40cm/s to Detect low flow ASD

Question 18

On Doppler ___ may be present due to a dilated annulus

Answer 18

TR

Question 19

What is the standard echo view for a contrast study to see an ASD?

Answer 19

Apical 4ch

Question 20

How many beats to see contrast on the left side in a patient with a ASD?

1. < or equal to 5 beats
2. > 5 beats
3. > or equal to 8 beats
4. < 8 beats

Answer 20

< or equal to 5 beats

Question 21

How many beats to see contrast on the left side in a patient with a pulmonary shunt?

1. < or equal to 5 beats
2. > 5 beats
3. > or equal to 8 beats
4. < 8 beats

Answer 21

> 5 beats

Question 22

Which ASD is associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return?

Answer 22

Sinus venosus

Question 23

Which ASD is associated with AV septal defect?

Answer 23

Priumum

Question 24

Which ASD is associated with endocardial cushion?

Answer 24

Primum

Question 25

What’s another name for AV septal defect?

Answer 25

Endocardial cushion

Question 26

What’s the difference between subcostal 4 ch and a modified subcostal 4ch?

Answer 26

We use a modified subcostal 4ch to look for sinus venosus ASD We use a regular subcostal 4ch to look for other ASD’s

Question 27

What’s the most common venous malformation?

Answer 27

PLSVC

Question 28

What ASD is associated with a cleft MV?

Answer 28

Primum ASD

Question 29

Which ASD is associated with MVP?

Answer 29

Secundum

Question 30

What murmur is associated with ASD?

Answer 30

Fixed split S2 murmur