Asepsis & Infection Control- Ch. 27

Question 1

Why are aseptic techniques used?

Answer 1

to halt the spread of microorganisms and

minimize the threat of infection

Question 2

What are the two types of asepsis?

Answer 2

Medical and Surgical

Question 3

What is medical asepsis?

Answer 3

involves procedures and practices

that reduce the number and transfer of pathogens (clean technique- minimizes)

Question 4

What is surgical asepsis?

Answer 4

includes practices used to render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms (sterile technique-eliminates)

Question 5

What kind of asepsis is hand hygiene and wearing gloves?

Answer 5

medical

Question 6

What kind of asepsis is inserting an IV catheter?

Answer 6

Surgical

Question 7

Which organism requires hand washing, not just alcohol-based gel?

Answer 7

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile is a gram-positive, anaerobic, sporeforming
bacterium that is normally found in the intestines of many adults)

Question 8

What are the two types of bacterial flora?

Answer 8

Transient and Resident. Transient bacteria, although usually easily removed by thorough handwashing, have the potential to adjust to the environment of the skin when they are present in large numbers over a long period and become resident bacteria.

Question 9

HAIs

Answer 9

healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)
Patients in health agencies develop during the course of treatment for other infections. These conditions were not noted as being present on admission.

Question 10

What is a nosocomial infection?

Answer 10

used specifically to indicate something originating or taking place in a hospital

Question 11

If an infectious agent is part of colonization?

Answer 11

It is residing in the body but hasn’t caused harm

Question 12

What does it mean when the infection is symptomatic?

Answer 12

There are signs and symptoms of an infection.

Question 13

What is a communicable infection?

Answer 13

It is transmissible.

Question 14

What is the nursing process for infection prevention and control regarding assessment?

Answer 14

inquire about immunizations, previous/recurring infections, history of current disease, signs/symptoms of local or systemic infection, laboratory test results

Question 15

What is the difference b/w local and systemic infection?

Answer 15

Localized can have redness, swelling and pain in the area.

Systemic is throughout the body and can include fever, increase in pulse, RR, lethargy

Question 16

White blood cells greater than ____ is an infection.

Answer 16

10,000

Question 17

The _____ for infection or the _____ of an infection in a patient suggests possible nursing diagnoses.

Answer 17

potential, presence

**The focus of nursing care depends on a nursing diagnosis that accurately reflects the patient’s condition.

Question 18

What is the nursing process for infection prevention and control regarding planning?

Answer 18

Identify realistic and measurable goals.

What do we want to see happen w/ the patient? See swelling go down, reduce temperature. Remain free from infection

Question 19

What is the nursing process for infection prevention and control regarding implementation?

Answer 19

Control or eliminate infectious agents.
Cleaning bedside area, bedpan, urinals. Disinfect areas and sterilize instruments. Control or eliminate reservoirs (keep drainage bags below the bladder)

Question 20

Who controls the portals of exit?

Answer 20

It’s the role of the nurse.

Be careful handling body fluids, lab specimens, and maintaining sterile technique (don’t cough on sterile field).

Question 21

How can you control transmission of infections?

Answer 21

Patients should used their own personal self-care items like combs and toothbrushes, and we should keep soiled items and equipment away from uniforms

Question 22

How can you control portals of entry?

Answer 22

Maintain skin integrity, cleansing after elimination, proper technique for wound cleansing

Question 23

When are standard precautions used?

Answer 23

With any patient in any setting

Question 24

What is an example of an airborne disease?

Answer 24

Tuberculosis

Question 25

What is an example of a droplet transmitted disease?

Answer 25

Influenza

Question 26

What is an example of a disease spread by contact?

Answer 26

C.difficile

Question 27

What is PPE?

Answer 27

Personal Protective Equipment

Gloves, isolation gowns. face protection

Question 28

The last step in nursing process, is what?

Answer 28

Evaluation. did the patient achieve the expected outcome of being free of symptoms of infection…and visitors had proper hand wash techniques?

Question 29

What are the 6 components of the the infection cycle?

Answer 29

Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, means of transmission, portals of entry, susceptible host