ASHI National Exam Flashcards by Rick Morrow

Doing a home inspection what is the responsibility of the inspector?

Detect, evaluate, and direct (recommend).

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Swimming pool fence must prevent passage of a sphere that is larger than 
A. 2 inches
B. 3 inches
C. 4 inches
D. 5 inches

C. 4 inches

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At what level would water pressure within a single-family dwelling begin to be considered excessive and require correction?
A. 60 psi
B. 80 psi
C. 100 psi
D. 120 psi

B. 80 psi

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Gas-fired furnace heat exchangers most often fail from
A. Low temperatures
B. Lack of use
C. Improper gas pressure
D. Rust and metal fatigue

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If water infiltration is suspected behind a finished surface. What tool would be the best choice to verify dampness?
A. And Infrared thermometer
B. I can pin-type Moisture meter
C. A Non-contact moisture meter
D. A digital camera

C. A non-contact moisture meter

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In a forced air heating system containing a split system air conditioner and a humidifier, humidity is reduced by
A. Running the humidifier in reverse
B. Condensation at the Condenser coil
C. Condensation at the evaporator coil
D. Condensation within the compressor

C. Condensation at the evaporator coil

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Most problems with concrete or caused at the time of installation. What single factor causes the most problems?
A. The concrete has insufficient thickness
B. Too much water is added to the mix
C. Too much Portland cement is in the mix
D. The wrong kind of sand is in the mix

B. Too much water is added to the mix

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Circuit breakers
A. Protect Inhabitants by limiting shock duration
B. Regulate power to the attached equipment
C. Protect the wire from an electrical overload
D. Measure the current and In a circuit

C. Protect the wire from an electrical overload

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Buckling in horizontal vinyl siding is generally caused by
A. Reflected sunlight
B. Improper fastening
C. Condensation in walls
D. Improper house wrap

B. Improper Fastening

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Electrical receptacles in bathrooms should be
A. GFCI protected
B. At least 3 feet away from showers and bathtubs
C. Not more than 2 feet from the vanity basin
D. Waterproofed

A. GFCI protected

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A ground fault circuit interpreter (GFCI) Is a safety device that
A. Disconnects power when the grounding to the outlet is faulty
B. Detects Moisture and disconnects power in wet locations
C. Disconnects power when sensing current leakage to ground
D. Protects against electrical surges and voltage spikes

C. Disconnects the power when sensing current leakage to ground

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On a hillside house with foundation drain systems,
A. Rock-filled foundation drains are not allowed on the interior side of the foundation
B. The roof drains should connect directly to the foundation drain and have cleanouts
C. All foundation drain systems must be in perforated plastic piping extending to daylight
D. The foundation drain systems collect water passing laterally through the slope

D. The foundation drain systems collect water passing laterally through the slope

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The service panel and close your door is required to open at least
A. 45°
B. 90°
C. 135°
D. 180°

B. 90°

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One of the purposes of a home inspection contract is to define the responsibilities and limitations for
A. The real estate agent
B. The client
C. The seller
D. The appraiser

B. The client

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A newer home with electric heat is being inspected. It has a below grade finished basement containing a bedroom. The inspector should look for a smoke alarm and
A. An escape and rescue opening
B. A carbon monoxide alarm
C. A fire extinguisher
D. A safety ladder

A. An escape and rescue opening

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And electrical system with a fuse on the neutral conductor and on the energized (hot) conductors
A. Is twice as safe as a system where only the energized (hot) conductors are fused
B. Should have the neutral conductor fuse sized to 1/2 the normal and ampacity for the circuit
C. Is over fused up to 50% if used only for lighting
D. Is hazardous and should be corrected

D. Is hazardous and should be corrected

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If A system designed for use with natural gas is supplied with propane gas
A. No changes are needed for the equipment to function properly
B. The flame will be too high unless a smaller orifice is installed
C. The flame will be too low unless a larger orifice is installed
D. The gas regulator and valve must be replaced

B. The flame will be too high unless a smaller orifice is installed

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A standard claims made errors and omissions insurance policy includes claims filed
A. During the time the policy is in effect
B. After the policy has lapsed
C. Before the policy effective date
D. While the inspector maintain any required license

A. During the time the policy is in effect

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What is a required elements of a contract?
A. Consideration
B. Real estate agents name
C. Sellers name
D. Names of persons attending the inspection

A. Consideration

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Oriented Strand board (OSB) is used MOST frequently in
A. Roof, floor, and exterior wall sheathing
B. Walls and interior sheathing
C. Ceramic tile underlayment
D. Vinyl tile underlayment

A. Ruth, floor, and exterior wall sheathing

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Relative humidity (RH) is expressed as
A. Volume
B. Percentage
C. Capacity
D. Temperature

B. Percentage

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Which has the LEAST effect on the deflection of a dimension lumber floor system?
A. Joist width
B. Joist grade
C. Joist species
D. Joist spacing

A. Joist width

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Asphalt shingles are NOT allowed to be installed on roofs with slopes less than
A. 1 in 12
B. 2 in 12
C. 3 in 12
D. 4 in 12

B. 2 in 12

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Inspecting a very old country house, a gurgling sound is heard from the tub drain when the toilet is flushed. Which of the following is the MOST likely explanation for the sound?
A. Water discharging from the toilet is pulling water from the tub trap
B. The tub drain is partially blocked
C. Water discharging from the toilet is pushing air through the tub trap
D. The branch drain is partially blocked downstream from the tub

A. Water discharging from the toilet is pulling water from the tub trap

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In new construction, the MINIMUM overhead electrical service clearances are A. Walkway: 8 feet, roadway: 16 feet: deck: 10 feet B. Walkway: 9 feet, roadway: 15 feet: deck: 12 feet C. Walkway: 10 feet, roadway: 18 feet: deck: 10 feet D. Walkway: 12 feet, roadway: 10 feet, deck: 12 feet

C. Walkway: 10 feet, roadway: 18 feet: deck: 10 feet

Medium efficiency furnaces have a draft inducer fan and are connected directly to the vent system instead of having a draft hood. There are white and yellowish deposits below the draft inducer fan. A possible explanation for these deposits is that A. The seal between the draft inducer fan and the furnace is failing B. Moisture is condensing in the vent and running back into the draft inducer fan C. The draft inducer fan is not operating properly D. The furnace has failed and is unsafe to operate

B. Moisture is condensing in the vent and running back into the draft inducer fan

``` The MINIMUM clearance between a wood stove single wall vent connector and combustible materials should be A. 3 inches B. 9 inches C. 18 inches D. 36 inches ```

C. 18 inches

``` Bonding of appliances can be confirmed by using a/an A. Volt meter B. Receptacle tester C. Ohm meter D. Ammeter ```

C. Ohm meter

Home inspection agreements (contracts) should A. Establish the limitations of the inspection B. Be as exculpatory as possible C. Describe the weather conditions allowed D. Include the name of the client’s real estate agent

A. Establish the limitations of the inspection

``` Which of the following is a common maintenance task for a residential refrigeration system? A. Clean the heat exchanger B. Replace refrigerant C. Clean the condenser coil D. Replace the thermostat ```

C. Clean the condenser coil

``` What is a common cause of buckled hardwood flooring in an existing house? A. Excessive moisture B. Lack of moisture C. Improper installation D. Poor quality material ```

A. Excessive moisture

``` Connections of dissimilar metal in a plumbing system, such as galvanized steel pimple and copper pipe, will usually cause A. Reduced water pressure B. Decreased water quality C. Glazed pipes D. Electrolysis ```

D. Electrolysis

``` To operate a central air conditioner, an electric clothes dryer, and an electric range, the ampacity of the service to the house should be AT LEAST A. 100 amps at 120 volts B. 125 amps at 120 volts C. 60 amps at 240 volts D. 100 amps at 240 volts ```

D. 100 amps at 240 volts

``` The normal MAXIMUM rise of residential stair treads is A. 5 1/4 inches B. 7 3/4 inches C. 8 1/2 inches D. 9 3/4 inches ```

B. 7 3/4 inches

``` Low pressure boiler pipes do NOT carry steam pressure above A. 15 psi B. 12 psi C. 9 psi D. 6 psi ```

A. 15 psi

``` When looking at the exterior wall of a sixty year old brick masonry house with a gable roof, you notice a horizontal crack in the mortar and outward brick displacement along the gutter edge of the roof. The displacement in greatest at the center of the top three courses of brick. This condition is MOST likely caused by A. Excessive sand in the mortar mix B. Defective brick bonding C. Improper ceiling joist installation D. Differential settlement ```

C. Improper ceiling joist installation

``` Which of the following is NOT a component of wood stairs? A. Riser B. Header C. Stringer D. Tread ```

B. Header

During a summertime inspection, what could indicate chronic condensation problems in an attic? A. The attic is very warm B. There is no vapor retarder on the insulation C. There are gray/black stains on the north side roof sheathing D. There are mildew stains on the bathroom ceilings

C. There are gray/black stains on the north side roof sheathing

The reason a dielectric union would be used in plumbing distribution pipes is to A. Ensure that the grounding conductor has a secure connection B. Separate two dissimilar metals to prevent corrosion C. Isolate any electrical wires touching the supply pipes D. Bond the hot and cold water pipes

B. Separate two dissimilar metals to prevent corrosion

``` The device used to detect the electrical current to the electric heater coil is called A. An anemometer B. An ohm meter C. A volt meter D. An ammeter ```

D. An ammeter

``` Stringer, tread, and riser are all components of a A. Truss system B. Floor system C. Stair system D. Wall system ```

C. Stair system

``` A 1/2 inch wide gap exists between the drywall wall and ceiling. The seller reports that this gap opens in the winter and closes in the summer. What is the most likely cause of this condition? A. Truss uplift B. A damaged truss bottom cord C. Poor drywall finishing D. An absent gusset plate ```

A. Truss uplift

A color tie would most likely be found in A. The attic near the top plate. B. The basement between floor joists. C. A wall at the intersection of two walls. D. The upper part of the attic.

D. The upper part of the attic.

A concrete basement wall has a crack that varies in width between 3/8 inch at the floor to 1/8 inch 2 feet down from the wall top. What is the most likely cause of this condition? A.The concrete dried too quickly. B. The soil is unstable under the footing. C. The wall was damaged when it was back filled. D. The reinforced steel is the wrong size.

B. The soil is unstable under the footing.

``` A notch in a 12 foot long 2x10 floor joist is located 5 feet from the joist end. What is the MAXIMUM allowed notch depth? A. 2 inches B. 1 5/8 inches C. 1 1/2 inches D. 0 inches ```

D. 0 inches

``` Racking is most likely to occur from failure to install A. Wall bracing B. Floor joist bridging C. Roof collar ties D. Foundation wall reinforcing steel. ```

A. Wall bracing

``` You see a ceramic tile follow with numerous cracks running through the grout and the tiles. The floor system is constructed using 2x10 floor joists. Which is the most likely cause of this condition? A. The tiles are defective. B. The floor joist blocking is absent. C. The floor joist span is too long. D. The wrong grout was used. ```

C. The floor joist span is too long.

You see uniform width cracks at both upper corners of all windows along the top story wall. Which is the most likely cause of this condition? A. The windows are improperly flashed. B. The wall is improperly braced. C. The cripple studs are improperly notched. D. The ceiling joist span is too long.

B. The wall is improperly braced.

A movement joint should be installed in brick veneer: A. At support by different structural components. B. At each floor level. C. At each side of a lintel above a garage door. D. Above each soldier course.

A. At support by different structural components.

``` Adhered masonry veneer is installed in the same manner as: A. Natural stone-veneer. B. Stucco. C. Fiber cement siding. D. Steel siding. ```

B. Stucco.

``` Which roof covering is most appropriate for a roof with a slope of 1 2/2: 12 above a single family house? Assume standard installation of any required underlayment. A. Metal shingles. B. Roll mineral. C. Modified bitumen D. Slate shingles. ```

C. Modified bitumen

``` What is the most appropriate fastener material for a slate shingle roof covering? A. Electroplated galvanized nails. B. Zinc nails C. Hot dipped galvanized screws D. Copper nails ```

D. Copper nails

``` A scupper would most likely be located in A. A parapet wall. B. A floor drain. C. An oil furnace vent. D. A K-type gutter. ```

A. A parapet wall.

A sidewall extends past a roof. Hardboard siding is water damaged a few inches beyond where the roof and sidewall meet. The roof covering is asphalt strip shingles. What is the most likely cause of this condition? A. Drip edge flashing was not installed. B. Kick out flashing was not installed. C. Siding was installed close to the roof covering. D. Underlayment was not installed.

B. Kick out flashing was not installed.

``` A poured concrete retaining wall with weep holes is rotating. What is the most likely reason fro the rotation? A. The wall has no deadman anchors. B. The footing has no reinforcing steel. C. There is no gravel behind the wall. D. The wall is cantilevered. ```

C. There is no gravel behind the wall.

A poured concrete basement wall has a 1/4 inch wide crack where the wall is bowing slightly. Brown stains are below the crack. What is the most likely reason for this condition? A. The gutters are blocked. B. The wall contains 5/8 inch reinforcing steel. C. The concrete was not properly vibrated. D. The wall damp proofing was improperly installed.

A. The gutters are blocked.

A concrete block basement wall has significant efflorescence. What is the most likely reason for this condition? A. The cinder content in the blocks is too high. B. The foundation plants are too close to the house. C. The blocks are not grouted. D. The soil has settled at the foundation.

D. The soil has settled at the foundation.

A concrete driveway is 1/2 inch higher than adjacent concrete walkway. What is the most likely reason for this condition? A. The walkway is not thick enough. B. The soil under the walkway was not compacted. C. There is no reinforcing steel in the walkway. D. The walkway concrete is not air-entrained.

B. The soil under the walkway was not compacted.

Which is the most acceptable fastener for connecting a deck ledger to a band board? A. 5/8 inch diameter stainless steel carriage bolt. B. 1/2 inch diameter electroplated galvanized steel wood screw. C. 1/2 inch diameter hot-dipped galvanized steel machine bolt. D. 5/8 inch diameter brass machine screw.

C. 1/2 inch diameter hot-dipped galvanized steel machine bolt.

The grounding electrode system of a house. A. Provides an alternate return path for electricity. B. Permits electricity to flow within the system. C. Protects people from electric shock. D. Prevents metal from becoming energized.

A. Provides an alternate return path for electricity.

``` How many energized conductors supply 240 volt, 200 amp, single phase electric service? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 ```

B. 2

``` A circuit breaker protects against too much A. Voltage B. Resistance C. Inductance D. Current ```

D. Current.

Which event is most likely to cause arc flash? A. Lightning striking near a utility transformer B. A short circuit in a utility transformer C. Metal touching an energized conductor. D. A short circuit in a branch circuit.

C. Metal touching an energized conductor.

A sub panel in a detached building has melted insulation on a neutral conductor. What is the most likely cause of this condition? A. The neutral conductor is loose at the terminal bar. B. The circuit breaker is defective. C. There is no grounding electrode. D. The circuit breaker ampacity is too large for the wire.

A. The neutral conductor is loose at the terminal bar.

In which location may NM cable be installed? A. In intermediate metal conduit located under the eaves. B. Attached to the bottom of floor joists in a crawl space. C. On top of ceiling joists located 6 feet from an attic access opening. D. In rigid metal conduit buried 12 inches below grade.

C. On top of ceiling joists located 6 feet from an attic access opening.

A 2 -slot receptacle has been replaced with a 3-slot receptacle in a branch circuit that does not contain an equipment grounding conductor? Which method is permitted? A. Install an arc-fault circuit breaker on the branch circuit. B. Replace the receptacle with a GFCI receptacle. C. Run an equipment grounding conductor to a separate grounding electrode. D. Run an equipment grounding conductor to a copper water pipe.

B. Replace the receptacle with a GFCI receptacle.

``` Where would an evaporative cooler be most effective? A. Phoenix, AZ B. Nashville, TN C. Miami, FL D. New York, NY ```

A. Phoenix, AZ

When a heat pump is operating in cooling mode the temperature of the liquid line should be a few degrees A. Cooler than the outside air temperature B. Warmer than the outside air temperature C. Cooler than the inside air temperature D. Warmer than the inside air temperature

B. Warmer than the outside air temperature

The effect of high humidity on an air conditioning system will be A. An increase in the temperature drop. B. A decrease in the compressor current draw. C. A decrease in the sensible load. D. An increase in the latent load.

C. A decrease in the sensible load.

What is most likely to cause the greatest reduction of air flow in a flexible air duct? A. A 5/8 inch per foot sag in the duct. B. A 3/4 inch diameter hole in the duct. C. A 90 degree bend in the duct. D. A 6 foot on center spacing of duct supports.

C. A 90 degree bend in the duct

What is the most likely result of insufficient air flow across the evaporator coil? A. Ice forms on the evaporator coil. B. The measured temperature drop decreases. C. The fan motor overheats. D. The compressor stops working.

A. Ice forms on the evaporator coil.

A floor joist in a crawl space has been cut where the toilet drain passes through the floor. The joists are 2x6 spaced at 16” on center. The inspector should recommend that A. The buyer monitor the floor. Floor systems such as this have redundant framing and removal of one joist is insignificant. B. A contractor should support the cut joist with new piers and posts from below C. The cut joist should be headed off to adjacent framing members to distribute the load D. A contractor be contacted to determine what is needed and make repairs

D. A contractor be contacted to determine what is needed and make repairs

Most problems with concrete are caused at the time of installation. What single factor causes the MOST problems? A. The concrete has insufficient thickness B. Too much water is added to the mix C. Too much Portland cement is in the mix D. The wrong kind of sand is in the mix

B. Too much water is added to the mix

Brick chimneys on older properties with oil heat sometimes curve above the roof line, with no visible cracks. Which is a possible cause of this curving? A. Settlement of the chimney footing B. Expansion of mortar C. Absence of a cricket flashing at the roof D. Lack of a rain cap on the flue

B. Expansion of mortar

``` Which set of building terms do NOT belong together? A. Cripple trimmer, purlin B. Arch, header, lintel C. Rafters, ceiling joists, trusses D. Sheathing, flooring, decking ```

A. Cripple trimmer, purlin

An ungrounded receptacle may be replaced by a ground fault circuit interrupter installed A. On the same phase as the receptacle B. Upstream from the receptacle C. Downstream from the receptacle D. Anywhere in the receptacle branch circuit

B. Upstream from the receptacle

A home inspection report MUST include A. The general life expectancy of the roofing material B. Information on flammability of the roof material C. The type of roof material and the method of observation D. The age of the roof

C. They type of roof material and the method of observation

``` Water hammer can occur as a result of A. A lack of air chambers B. Faulty shutoff valves C. Loose piping D. Low static water pressure ```

A. A lack of air chambers

``` When an asphalt shingle roof is installed over existing shingles, leakage commonly occurs at the A. Eaves B. Penetrations C. Ridge D. Hips ```

B. Penetrations

``` Roof trusses A. May be cut or modified in the field B. Make drywall nail pops less likely C. Cannot be used for long ceiling spans D. Are usually designed for two-point bearing ```

D. Are usually designed for two-point bearing

A sub panel in an older house that is wired with non-metallic sheathed cable (NM) has one circuit with a ground wire. The ground wire A. Should be connected to a separate grounded buss bar B. Should be connected to a separate ground rod C. May be bonded using the panel cover screws D. May be connected to the neutral buss bar

A. Should be connected to a separate grounded buss bar

You are inspecting an older home which has replacement windows and ew vinyl siding. The new siding is backed up with rigid foam insulation that covers the service entrance cable from the weather head to the meter. You should report that this is A. Acceptable because the siding is a non-conducting type B. An improper installation that should be corrected C. A benefit because additional protection is provided to the service entrance cable D. Acceptable, provided the drip loops at the service entrance head are left exposed

B. An improper installation that should be corrected

You inspect a wood framed cantilevered balcony off a second-story bedroom. You find significant wood deterioration (at least one-half member depth) of all cantilever joists at the bearing point of the house. You should A. Notify the occupants of the significant hazard, advise immediate repair to both the occupant and client in the report B. Note the significant hazard and recommend immediate repair, by licensed professional, in your report C. Refer the wood deterioration to a structural pest control operator for professional opinion D. Recommend sister if existing framing members to increase strength, prior to further use

A. Notify the occupants of the significant hazard, advise immediate repair to both the occupant and client in the report

When a cooling unit is located in an attic where damage may result from condensate overflow A. Attic ventilation must be increased to avoid condensation B. Steel ducting is not allowed because of potential damage from condensation C. An auxiliary condensate drain system is required D. A supplemental condensate pump is required

C. An auxiliary condensate drain system is required

If a poured concrete foundation has an unusually large number of vertical cracks, each no wider than 1/32 inch, the cause is likely to A. Differential settlement from adverse drainage conditions B. Excessive amounts of aggregate in the concrete mix C. Settlement from compaction of soils below the footings D. Shrinkage of the concrete from excess water at the time of pouring

D. Shrinkage of the concrete from excess water at the time of pouring

Where should squash blocks (web blocking) be found in a wood I-joist floor system? A. At bearing ends and load bearing walls above with support girders below B. At bearing ends and all splices C. At bearing ends and plumbing penetrations D. At perimeter ends, plumbing penetrations, and splices over girders

A. At bearing ends and load bearing walls above with support girders below

``` Columns typically support A. Footers B. Walls C. Girders D. Joists ```

C. Girders

When inspecting the structural system, the inspector is required to A. Inspect only the visible components in the attic and crawl space B. Specify method of structural repairs to the system C. Report all structural deficiencies observed D. Determine the cause and origin of the damage

C. Report all structural deficiencies observed

A ground fault occurs when A. Too many devices are used on a circuit B. A hot conductor touches another hot conductor C. A hot conductor touches a grounded surface or grounding conductor D. A grounded conductor comes in contact with a grounding conductor

C. A hot conductor touches a grounded surface or grounding conductor

``` The purpose of a trap in the waste drainage system is to A. Provide maintenance access B. Prevent siphoning C. Block sewer gases D. Cause water to drain smoothly ```

C. Block sewer gases

``` A home inspection typically includes an examination of A. Adequacy of heat supply B. Heat exchangers C. Humidifiers D. Vents, flues, and chimneys ```

D. Vents, flues, and chimneys

``` 49. Ice damming at the eaves may be caused by A. Inadequate attic insulation B.undersized gutters C.shallow roof slope D. Improper flashing ```

A. Inadequate attic insulation

50. The purpose of flashing on a roof is to A. Shed water onto roofing materials B. Seal roof shingles to vertical surfaces C. Protect roofing material D. Join different roofing materials

A. Shed water onto roofing materials

51. The house you are inspecting currently has a gas-fired furnace or boiler. Each of the following clues may indicate that the house also has an abandoned buried fuel oil storage tank EXCEPT A. Small diameter copper tubes emerging from the inside of the foundation wall or the floor near the furnace or boiler B. An approximately 1 1/4 inch diameter vent pipe outside coming from underground up against the foundation C. The brick chimney serving the furnace or boiler has deteriorated mortar joints at the bottom D. Your knowledge that the neighborhood had or still has some houses served by oil heat

C. The brick chimney serving the furnace or boiler has deteriorated mortar joints at the bottom

``` 52. While inspecting a heat pump in the cooling mode, you measure a 28 degrees F temperature differential between the interior supply and return air. You should suspect A. An exterior fan running too slowly B. An overheating compressor C. A dirty filter D. A thermostat set too low ```

C. A dirty filter

``` 53. What is the MINIMUM electrical service drop clearance from a residential driveway? A. 12 feet B. 13 feet C. 15 feet D. 18 feet ```

A. 12 feet

``` 55. A basin makes a gurgling sound at the end of draining the fixture. This may be due to A. Improperly supported pipes B. Inadequate venting C. An undersized drain pipe D. Improper drain slope ```

B. Inadequate venting

``` 56. Condensation between glass layers of thermal pane windows indicates the need to A. Repair or replace sealant B. Repair or clean breather holes C. Replace glazing, sash, or window D. Replace the interior pane ```

C. Replace glazing, sash, or window

57. Dielectric unions A. Accommodate pipe expansion B. Are undesirable and indicate a problem C. Prevent galvanic action D. Help maintain electrical grounding of pipes

C. Prevent galvanic action

59. Garage door opener electronic eye sensors are properly installed when facing each other A. 1 to 3 inches above the garage floor B. 4 to 6 inches above the garage floor C. 7 to 10 inches above the garage floor D. 11 to 15 inches above the garage floor

B. 4 to 6 inches above the garage floor

``` 60. Capillary tubes are part of the A. Evaporator coil B. Heat exchanger C. Condenser coil D. Compressor discharge ```

A. Evaporator coil

61. As a lintel over doors and windows in a masonry wall rusts it may cause A. The window glass to crack B. The wall at the top to push out C. Cracks at the tops of openings D. The lintel to rotate and displace the brick

C. Cracks at the tops of openings

62. Roof truss uplift can cause cracks to form A. Above exterior doors and windows B. At interior wall/ceiling intersections C. In bottom chords of roof trusses D. In top chords of roof trusses

B. At interior wall/ceiling intersections

``` 63. When measuring the temperature drop across the evaporator in a central air conditioning system, a properly running unit on a humid summer day should read between A. 5 degrees F and 15 degrees F B. 15 degrees F and 25 degrees F C. 25 degrees F and 35 degrees F D. 35 degrees F and 45 degrees F ```

B. 15 degrees F and 25 degrees F

``` 64. Knob and tube wiring may be acceptable if A. The home is insulated with fiberglass B. The circuit breaker system is proper C. Not covered by insulation D. The fuse system is still in place ```

C. No covered by insulation

``` 65. The MAXIMUM acceptable variation in riser heights within a flight of stairs is A. 1/2 inch B. 3/8 inch C. 3/4 inch D. 1 inch ```

B. 3/8 inch

``` 66. While conducting an inspection, your ladder falls over and breaks the homeowner’s priceless Ming vase. What type of insurance is needed to cover the replacement? A. General liability B. Homeowner’s C. Errors and omissions D. Bonding ```

A. General liability

``` 67. What is the MINIMUM allowable separation between a masonry chimney and combustible materials? A. 3/4 inch B. 1 inch C. 2 inches D. 4 inches ```

C. 2 inches

``` 72. The inspector is required to operate all of the following EXCEPT A. Shutoff valves B. Manual garage door C. A representative number of windows D. Folding attic stairs ```

A. Shutoff valves

``` 73. Potable water systems connected to lawn irrigation systems need to be protected from A. Backsiphonage B. Excess water usage C. Mechanical damage D. Low water flow ```

A. Backsiphonage

``` 74. Most modern kitchen ranges are required to have A. Front edge controls B. A warming drawer C. An anti-tip device D. A tipping alarm ```

C. An anti-tip device

``` 75. The inclusion of photographs in home inspection reports is A. Optional B. Mandatory C. Discriminatory D. Illegal ```

A. Optional

``` 76. A home inspector should probe A. Where decay is suspected B. Spalling in concrete C. A representative number of floor joists D. Around a toilet ```

A. Where decay is suspected

``` 77. Overhead electrical service should be a MINIMUM of how many feet above a flat roof subject A. 4 feet B. 6 feet C. 8 feet D. 10 feet ```

D. 10 feet

``` 82. The final decision to enter a crawl space is made A. When the home inspection is booked B. By the homeowner C. By the home inspector D. By the client and agent ```

C. By the home inspector

``` 83. The purpose of a contract is to protect the A. Homeowner B. Real estate agent C. Buyer/client D. Home inspector and client ```

D. Home inspector and client

``` 84. Conducting a complete and thorough home inspection minimizes the need for A. A contract B. Errors and omissions insurance C. Bonding D. A detailed inspection report ```

B. Errors and omissions insurance

``` 85. What is the most common contributing factor to masonry retaining wall movement? A. Corbelled construction B. Hydrostatic pressure C. Poorly mortared joints D. Too man tiebacks ```

B. Hydrostatic pressure

``` 86. How are the holes in rigid foundation drain pipe aligned? A. Toward the foundation B. On the top half of the pipe C. On the bottom half of the pipe D. Away from the foundation ```

C. On the bottom half of the pipe

``` 87. What is the primary purpose of control joints placed in concrete driveways? A. To prevent cracks B. To drain the surface C. To reduce random cracking D. To enhance appearance ```

C. To reduce random cracking

``` 88. Where might you expect to find a window with safety glass? A. Less than 18 inches above the floor B. Less than 24 inches above the floor C. Above a kitchen sink D. On the second story ```

A . less than 18 inches above the floor

``` 90. A newly built ventilated crawl space with a vapor retarder is REQUIRED to have one square A. 150 square feet of crawl space B. 600 square feet of crawl space C. 1,200 square feet of crawl space D. 1,500 square feet of crawl space ```

D. 1,500 square feet of crawl space

``` Permeability is the property of a material that allows the passage of A. Water vapor B. Heat energy C. Liquid water D. Infrared radiation ```

A. Water vapor

``` In a cold climate, a vapor retarder should be installed on which sides of a wall A. The side facing unconditioned space B. The side facing conditioned space C. Both sides of the wall D. Neither side of the wall ```

B. The side facing conditioned space

Fiberglass batt insulation slows heat movement by A. Reflecting infrared radiation off of the insulation B. Restricting vapor diffusion through the insulation C. Creating a thermal mass within the insulation D. Slowing air movement within the insulation

D. Slowing air movement within the insulation

What action would most likely reduce fiberglass batt insulation R-value by the largest amount? A. Compressing the insulation behind an electrical cable B. Fluffing the insulation C. Not placing the insulation in contact with an air barrier D. Not installing a vapor retarder where required

C. Not placing the insulation in contact with an air barrier

Where would a radiant barrier be MOST effective? A. In an attic in Phoenix, AZ B. In a crawl space in Washington, DC C. On the conditioned side of a wall in Toronto, Canada D. On the unconditioned side of a wall in Chicago, Il

A. In an attic in Phoenix, AZ

Why should 50% - 60% of the attic ventilation opening be at the eaves? A. Warmer air requires smaller openings. B. Larger ridge openings are structurally unsound. C. Pressure in the attic will be neutral or positive. D. Eave openings are less expensive to install.

C. Pressure in the attic will be neutral or positive.

What is the best example of heat flow by conduction? A. Heat flowing from the inside to the outside of a radiator B. Heat flowing from a forced-air supply register C. Heat flowing from a steam boiler inside pipes D. Heat flowing from a floor furnace

A. Heat flowing from the inside to the outside of a radiator

When should combustion air NOT be drawn from inside a building? A. The building has 3 stories above grade. B. The building is built using tight construction methods. C. The total BTU/h input of the appliances exceeds 160,000 D. The appliance is a direct exhaust type

B. The building is built using tight construction methods.

``` The flame from a properly adjusted oil burner should be what color? A. Blue B. Yellow C. Orange D. White ```

D. White

``` What component is involved in controlling when a hot water boiler activates? A. A humidistat B. A pressuretrol C. An aquastat D. A high limit switch ```

C. An aquastat

``` Where would an equalizer pipe be found? A. Near a steam boiler B. Near a hot water boiler C. In a common gas vent D. In a plumbing vent stack ```

A. Near a steam boiler

``` Brown-colored particles under the flue collar of an induced draft gas furnace are most likely an indication of which defect? A. Flame rollout B. A faulty draft inducer C. An excessively long vent connector D. The barometric damper is stuck open ```

C. An excessively long vent connector

``` Which may be used as water distribution pipe in a house? A. PEX B. ABS C. PVC D. RNC ```

A. PEX

What is the best definition of a cross-connection? A. An HVAC supply plenum is connected to a return plenum. B. A plumbing water distribution pipe is connected to a contaminant source. C. A plumbing dry vent is connected to a wet vent. D. An electrical white-insulated wire is connected to a circuit breaker.

B. A plumbing water distribution pipe is connected to a contaminant source.

What is the MOST likely result of thermal expansion? A. A block foundation wall rotates inward B. A furnace heat exchanger cracks. C. Electrical conductor insulation melts. D. A clothes washing machine hose bursts.

D. A clothes washing machine hose bursts.

``` Where is an S-trap most likely to be located? A. In a water closet B. Near a gas furnace C. Under a kitchen sink D. In a circuit vent ```

C. Under a kitchen sink

The label on a 240 volt electric water heater indicates that the element wattage should be 4,500. The measured current is 14.6 amps. The MOST likely explanation is that A. The wrong size element has been installed B. The element is failing C. The ammeter battery is low D. The measured current is correct.

A. The wrong size element has been installed.

The client complains of an occasional could odor in a seldom used bathroom. Which is the most likely cause of this issue? A. The vent pipe is improperly sloped. B. The clean out was not installed. C. The bathtub trap water seal has evaporated. D. The sink trap is partially block.

C. The bathtub trap water seal has evaporated.

``` What is the MOST likely explanation for a drywall crack that extends up from one window corner? A. Wall lateral movement B. Absent cripples C. Improperly fastened window D. Outward wall rotation ```

A. Wall lateral movement

``` An interior door rubs the header on the latch side. There are no cracks in the drywall around the door. What is the MOST likely reason for this to occur? A. The top hinge is binding B. The door is unpainted on top C. The strike plate needs adjustment D. The wall has rotated ```

B. The door is unpainted on top

``` Which component supports a stairway? A. Riser B. Header C. Cripple D. Stringer ```

D. Stringer

``` Where is stairway width measured? A. Below the handrail B. Where the stairway intersects the landings C. Above the handrail D. Between the ends of the treads ```

C. Above the handrail

``` On a vehicle door, a containment cable should be installed on the A. Extension springs B. Struts C. Torsion spring D. Roller drums ```

A. Extension springs

``` What is the BEST material for a masonry chimney crown? A. Concrete B. Refractory mortar C. Type S mortar D. Core brick ```

A. Concrete

``` The process by which heat changes wood chemistry making it more likely to burn is called A. Pyrogenics B. Pyrolysis C. Pyromancy D. Pyrography ```

B. Pyrolysis

``` Creosote is most likely to be created in a chimney when burning A. Lighter fluid B. Newspaper C. Seasoned pine D. Unseasoned oak ```

D. Unseasoned oak

What is the BEST reason for a chimney to terminate above nearby obstructions? A. Short chimneys require larger flues. B. Embers may ignite roof coverings. C. Wind may force combustion products down the flue. D. The flue could be covered by snow.

C. Wind may force combustion products down the flue.

``` A chimney should NOT be located on an exterior wall because A. Flue temperature may be too cold. B. It is more expensive to build. C. A chimney fire is more likely D. The flue must be larger. ```

A. Flue temperature may be too cold.

``` A wood burning stove is listed for 12 inches clearance to combustibles. What is the minimum clearance to combustibles for this stove when using a sheet metal and air space clearance reduction device? A. 6 inches B. 8 inches C. 10 inches D. 12 inches ```

D. 12 inches

``` Inspection of which appliance is NOT within the scope of a home inspection? A. Refrigerator B. Trash compactor C. Food-waste disposer D. Microwave oven ```

A. Refrigerator

``` A properly installed food waste disposer that makes no sound when activated can sometimes be activated by A. Resetting the kitchen GRCI receptacle B. Pressing the thermal cutoff button C. Turning the motor with a hex wrench D. Running cold water into the disposer ```

B. Pressing the thermal cutoff button

What is the prescriptive MINIMUM distance between the bottom of a microwave oven and a range cooking surface? A. 30 inches B. 24 inches C. 18 inches D. There is no prescriptive minimum distance

D. There is no prescriptive minimum distance

``` What is LEAST likely to be an approved pool access barrier? A. A self-latching pedestrian gate B. A steep cliff C. A fence D. A house wall ```

A. A self-latching pedestrian gate

``` Which is NOT a type of pool filter? A. Sand B. Pea gravel C. Cartridge D. Diatomaceous earth ```

B. Pea gravel

A double gate that allows access to the pool should be A. Self-closing B. At least 12 inches from the edge of the water C. At least 45 inches tall. D. Self-latching

D. Self-latching

The primary function of a skimmer is to provide A. A way for water to return to the pump. B. A place to put chlorine tablets C. A means to remove debris from the surface of the water D. A secondary method of filtering the water.

C. A means to remove debris from the surface of the water

``` Which of these irrigation components is MOST often required in areas where water is scarce? A. Rain sensor B. Automatic valve C. Drip emitter D. Impact rotor ```

A. Rain sensor

Which is MOST likely to be a problem when an emitter is located near the house? A. The water pressure will be too high B. The emitter filter will become clogged more often C. Water will enter the crawl space or basement D. The emitter will be damaged by a lawn mower

C. Water will enter the crawl space or basement

``` Which would NOT be an approved irrigation system pipe? A. PEX B. Galvanized steel C. ABS D. Schedule 20 PVC ```

D. Schedule 20 PVC

``` What is NOT required to establish an agreement between a home inspector and a client? A. Negotiation B. Acceptance C. Consideration D. Offer ```

A. Negotiation

An inspection agreement presented to the client after the inspection may be declared invalid. What is the MOST likely reason for declaring such agreements invalid? A. Inspection agreements must be presented before the inspection begins. B. There was no opportunity to negotiate the agreement. C. There was no exchange of consideration. D. The home inspector breached a duty to present the agreement in a timely manner.

B. There was no opportunity to negotiate the agreement.

``` A home inspection agreement is most likely to be interpreted using which law? A. Federal B. County C. State D. Parish ```

C. State

A real estate agent’s signature on an inspection agreement is most likely to be valid if A. The agent’s broker allows agents to sign inspection agreements B. The home inspector agrees to allow the agent to sign the agreement C. The buyer is out-of-state and cannot attend the inspection D. The agent is acting within the scope of the agent’s authority

D. The agent is acting within the scope of the agent’s authority

A limitation of remedies clause is most likely to have which effect? A. Reduce the client’s recovery of damages from the home inspector B. Stop the client from suing the home inspector C. Reduce third party claims against the home inspector D. Stop the real estate agents from suing the home inspector

A. Reduce the client’s recovery of damages from the home inspector

``` Mediation can best be described as a A. Court-imposed settlement B. Facilitated negotiation C. Quasi-judicial process D. Non-binding arbitration ```

B. Facilitated negotiation

What situation would General Liability insurance be likely to cover? A. Home inspector does not see a defect behind a large dresser B. Client injures herself while accompanying the home inspector C. Home inspector makes a hole in the ceiling D. Seller believes home inspector improperly reported a condition

C. Home inspector makes a hole in the ceiling

A home inspector surety bond may best be described as a promise to pay if A. The home inspector fails to report a defect B. The home inspector steals something from an inspected property C. A client is injured during an inspection D. The home inspector does not pay a court judgment

D. The home inspector does not pay a court judgment

Ordinary negligence can best be described as a failure to A. Perform as a reasonable person would have under similar conditions B. Exercise slight care or as a reckless disregard of a legal duty C. Confirm that a statement is true before making it D. Fulfill an agreed-upon promise

A. Perform as a reasonable person would have under similar conditions

``` A home inspector failed to report a significant defect. Recovery of monetary damages is most likely as an act of A. Gross negligence B. Negligent misrepresentation C. Ordinary negligence D. Fraud ```

B. Negligent misrepresentation

Which is most likely to be considered an ethical breach by a home inspector? A. Giving Christmas gifts to real estate agents B. Sponsoring a real estate brokerage golf party C. Paying to be a real estate brokerage’s preferred home inspector D. Recommending a pest inspection company

C. Paying to be a real estate brokerage’s preferred home inspector

The home inspector encounters a steam boiler that is shut down for the season. The home inspector has been trained to inspect steam boilers but rarely sees them. What is the best method for dealing with this situation? A. Inspect the boiler and report any visible defects B. Tell the client that you are not qualified to inspect steam boilers C. Report that the boiler was shut down D. Report that the boiler was not inspected and recommend that it be inspected

D. Report that the boiler was not inspected and recommend that it be inspected

``` Sending the inspection report to which party is LEAST likely to be considered an ethical breach by a home inspector? Assume all parties attended the inspection. A. The client’s parents B. The buyer’s agent C. The seller’s agent D. The seller ```

A. The client’s parents

The electricity service drop runs through tree branches. What is the best recommendation in this situation? A. The utility should reroute the service drop. B. The utility should cut the tree branches. C. The sellers should have the tree branches cut. D. An arborist should evaluate the tree.

D. An arborist should evaluate the tree.

``` The home inspector is NOT required to report the location of the A. Water meter. B. Main gas service valve. C. Electric service equipment. D. Main water service value. ```

A. Water meter.

``` The home inspector is required to report the location of the A. Water meter B. Electric service equipment C. Building sewer clean out. D. Septic tank. ```

B. Electric service equipment.

``` What information is NOT required in an inspection report? A. The home inspector’s name. B. The inspection date. C. The property’s legal description. D. The client’s name. ```

C. The property’s legal description.

The closet where the water heater is located was locked. HOt water was available where required. The best way to report this situation is the water heater A. Was inaccessible. B. Closet door was locked. C. Was functioning properly. D. Was not inspected because the door was locked.

D. Was not inspected because the door was locked.

The MINIMUM inspection of an accessible attic involves viewing the attic A. From the access opening. B. From above the access opening. C. By traversing exposing ceiling joists. D. By traversing concealing ceiling joists.

A. From the access opening.

A toilet water supply valve is shut off. The BEST way to deal with this situation is to A. Turn the valve on, flush the toilet, turn the valve off. B. Report that the toilet was not tested because the valve was off. C. Use a bucket to fill the tank and flush the toilet. D. Report that the toilet valve was shut off.

B. Report that the toilet was not tested because the valve was off.

A roof is accessible by ladder and the home inspector believes the roof is safe to walk on. The MINIMUM method of inspecting this roof involves A. Walking on the roof. B. Viewing the roof from a ladder at one location. C. Viewing the roof from the ground. D. Viewing the roof from a ladder at multiple locations.

C. Viewing the roof from the ground.

``` A roof covering is concealed by snow. The attic inspection reveals no evidence of water leaks. The best method of reporting this situation is to state the roof covering was A. Functioning properly. B. Not leaking. C. Not visible. D. Concealed by snow and not inspected. ```

D. Concealed by snow and not inspected.

``` What is the most accurate deficiency description for a dimension lumber floor joist that is not deformed but has a clear span longer than allowed by current standards? A. Significantly deficient. B. Not functioning properly. C. A code violation. D. Unsafe ```

A. Significantly deficient.

``` What information is usually required when reporting a deficient component? A. The location of the component. B. The implication of the deficiency. C. The building code section violated. D. The age of the component. ```

B. The implication of the deficiency.

``` Which of the following is the BEST example of an unsafe condition? A. A large crack in a foundation wall B. Several termite-infested floor joists C. A stairway with uneven height risers D. A large area of moldy drywall. ```

C. A stairway with uneven height risers

``` A 3-light receptacle tester will NOT display A. An energized neutral B. A disconnected ground. C. A polarity reversal. D. A bootleg ground. ```

D. A bootleg ground.

``` A fiberglass shingle roof covering is inspected during the summer. What is the LEAST likely indication that the shingles are near the end of their service life? A. A roof leak B. Granule loss C. Tabs breaking when bent D. Exposed strands of fiberglass ```

A. A roof leak

What is the MOST likely indication that an air-source air conditioning system is near the end of its service life? A. A low temperature drop across the evaporator coil. B. Rust on the condenser components. C. Water leaking from the evaporator coil cabinet. D. Deteriorated insulation on the refrigerant line set.

B. Rust on the condenser components

Wha is the MOST likely indication that an electric water heater lower element has failed? A. Significant rust at the lower element. B. No hot water at all faucets. C. Some hot water, then warm water at all faucets. D. Significant rust at the power connection.

C. Some hot water, then warm water at all faucets.

``` An eight foot tall concrete block wall leans in 1/2 inch and is not cracked. The wall is damp with moderate efflorescence. Who is the BEST specialist to recommend? A. A foundation contractor B. A geotechnical engineer C. A structural engineer D. A landscape contractor. ```

D. A landscape contractor.

Nails that penetrate the roof sheathing are rusted. Some areas of roof sheathing present moisture stains and fungal growth. What is the MOST likely cause of these conditions? A.air leaking from the house into the attic. B. Inadequate attic insulation. C. Absence of a Class II vapor retarder. D. Water leaking around the nails.

A. Air leaking from the house into the attic.

``` There is a crack at the upper corner on the lock side of an interior door. The crack gets wider as it runs toward the ceiling. The door scrapes against the lock-side jamb. What is the BEST recommendation in this situation? A. Repair by a handyman B. Evaluation by a contractor C. Repair by a contractor D. Evaluation by an engineer ```

B. Evaluation by a contractor

While performing a buyer’s inspection at an occupied house, the home inspector detects a minor gas leak at the exterior gas meter. What is the home inspector’s MOST appropriate action? A. Shut off the gas at the meter. B. Call the fire department. C. Notify the seller’s real estate agent. D. Advise the buyers to leave the property.

C. Notify the seller’s real estate agent.

ASHI National Exam Flashcards

(195 cards)