Asia- Climate Flashcards
What are the factors affecting Climate ?
• Size and latitudinal extent
• Distance from Sea
• Relief Features
• Wind
• Ocean currents
Which parts experience continental climate?
The parts of Asia which are away from the maritime influence of the sea experience continental climate.
Most of the mountain ranges in Asia extend in an ___________ direction.
east-west
What is the importance of the mountain ranges in Asia?
They form barriers to the on-shore moisture-bearing winds from the south and also prevent the cold winds of the North from coming in the south.
Why is Sea of Japan one of the best fishing grounds of the world?
The cold oya siwo and the warm kuro siwo Ocean currents affect the temperatures of the coastal regions of Japan. The mixing of these currents prodigies suitable temp for breeding of fish.
Write a short note on Summer conditions in Asia.
• April - June —> sun’s rays fall directly over the northern hemisphere.
• In June it shines over the tropic of Cancer so most of Asia is warm with an average temp of about thirty two degrees Celsius.
• World’s highest surface temp: 71°C in Dasht-e-Lut in Iran.
• Hot air over land creates a region of low pressure. ⬆️ pressure over seas and oceans.
• There is movement of warm moisture-Laden winds which aka monsoons.
• ⬆️ rainfall due to these winds in southern Asia like India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Laos, Vietnam, China, and Japan.
Write a short note on winter conditions in Asia.
• October - March —-> Slanting Rays of sun.
• Temperature falls to zero degree Celsius and even below freezing point in many parts.
• Verkhoyanks has an average temperature of - 51 degree celsius in January.
• The air over the land is heavy and causes ⬆️ pressure
• the surrounding oceans have comparitively
⬇️ pressure.
• Thus, wind moves from Land to sea (H.P to L.P) which is an offshore breeze.
• most of Asia –> no rainfall except southeast Asia, Japan, South eastern India and part of Northern Sri Lanka, where same winds cross the sea and pickup moisture before reaching those places.
•few regions also receive rainfall due to the cyclones at originate over the Mediterranean sea
Equatorial Climate
Climate:
• This type of climate is experienced in places close to equator, in countries like Malaysia, Indonesia and Southern Philippines.
• High temperatures of 28 to 30 degrees Celsius are experience.
• Very low temperature range annually.
• No distinct seasons.
• Conventional rainfall occurs at 4:00 p.m. every day.
Natural Vegetation Wildlife:
• In this type of climatic region densse hardwood forest with broad leaved trees are found.
• Examples of some trees found in these forest are mahogany, ebony, Rosewood, chinchona, rubber and coconut.
• The forests are very dark and gloomy as a thick canopy does not allow sunlight to reach the ground.
• The forest are dense and impenetrable as lianas, creepers , climbers and tall grasses grow on the floor of the forest.
• In these kind of forest arboreal or tree dwelling animals such as monkeys, and reptiles such as snakes and lizards are found. Larger animals are found on the outskirt of this forest as these forests are very dense.
Tropical monsoon
Climate:
• Distinct seasons :
° hot wet summers
°cool dry winters
• Summer rainfall is brought about by monsoon winds
• Heavy rainfall in coastal regions and windward slopes.
• this type of climate is experience in India, Laos Pakistan, Vietnam, Bangladesh Southern China and Cambodia
Natural Vegetation & Wildlife:
• Types of forest found here are tropical deciduous or monsoon forest.
• The trees found here shed their leaves in winter and are broad leaved.
• Some examples of the trees found in a heavy rainfall regions are teak, sal, shisham and mango.
• Grass and shrubs are found in dry regions.
• Elephants, bear, deer, tigers ,leopard etc. comprise the wildlife.
Tropical or hot desert type climate
Climate:
• Prevails in Arabia, Iran, Thar desert in Pakistan and India.
• Very hot dry summers and very cold dry winters. • Daily and annual temperature in is very high.
• Less than 25 CM of rainfall is received annually.
Natural vegetation and wildlife
• The type of forest is Thorn and desert forest .
• scarce vegetation: thorny bushes, shrubs and dry grasses are found.
• Date Palms are found near oases.
• Wildlife comprises of camels, horses, gazelles, insects.
• Vegetation is scattered.
Warm Temperate Eastern Margins or China Type Climate.
Climate:
• Similar to monsoon type climate except winters are colder.
• Snowfall occurs in winter while rainfall occurs in summer.
• These are found in warm temperate latitudes.
• This type of climate is experienced in Northern and Central China, Japan, and northern Korea.
Natural Vegetation & Wildlife:
• The type of forests are mixed evergreen and deciduous .
• The type of trees found here magnolia, chestnut, camphor, beech, fir.
• Shrubs of bamboo and mulberry are also found. • Monkeys, foxes, peacock, parrots, pheasants are found in highlands to support forest.
Mid latitude desert type climate
Climate:
• This type of climate is found in the interior of the continent and on high plateaus example Gobi desert and plateau of Tibet.
• These areas experience very hot summers scanty rainfall and very cold winters.
Natural vegetation and wildlife:
• Land is mostly barren there is scattered vegetation.
• scattered Tufts of short grasses, thorny bushes. • wildlife comprises of lizards insects and rodents.
• Yak is the most domesticated animal in Tibet
Mediterranean type climate
Climate:
• This prevails near the Mediterranean sea.
• Warm dry summers and cool wet winters.
• This type of climate is found in Western Asia in countries like Syria Turkey Lebanon and Israel
Natural Vegetation and Wildlife :
•Type of vegetation found in the Mediterranean region is evergreen. The trees that are commonly found are Laurel, acacia, oak, chestnut and walnut.
• Not much wildlife is found is natural vegetation has been cleared.
• Domestic animals such as donkeys sheep etc are found.
• Most of the national vegetation has been replaced with orchards of citrus fruits.
Temperate grassland or steppe climate
Climate:
• Found around Caspian sea region and eastern Mongolia.
• Extreme climatic conditions.
• Summers hot and dry winters cold and dry.
• Rainfall 25 to 75 cm annually.
Natural Vegetation and Wildlife:
• Short dress and low bushes are found.
• Grasslands had been converted to farmlands that grow wheat, barley same other food grains.
• Prominent wildlife are antelope, horses, two humped bactria camel –> important.
• Important livestock are cattle, sheep, horses
• temperature extremes with very little rainfall
Cool temperate eastern margins
Climate:
• Experienced by east coast of Asia
• Eg: Siberia, Northern China, manchuria , Korea and northern Japan.
• cold very dry winter & hot wet summers.
• There is high snowfall.
• Summers are like summers in tropics.
Natural Vegetation and Wildlife:
• forests are coniferous in the north and deciduous forests are found in the south
• Oak, birch, beech and maple are main in the south.
• High Rainfall, warm summers, damp air and fog favour growth of trees currents of trees in pure stands and the predominance of handful of species increases the commercial value.
