Assessment of Kidney and Urinary Func Flashcards
Functions of kidneys
Regulate fluid and hormones
Remove wastes
Red blood cell production
Bone metabolism
Control of blood pressure
Regulation of acid-base and electrolytes
Synthesis of Vit D
Secretion of prostaglandins
What stimulates the RAAS?
Stimulated by low BP
Why are older adults more susceptible to kidney injury?
Renal structural and functional changes
What renal structural and functional changes do older adults experience?
Sclerosis of the glomerulus and renal vasculature
Decreased blood flow
Decreased GFR
Decreased renal reserve
Altered tubal function and acid-base balance
What does the RN assess of the patient undergoing testing of the renal system?
Patient knowledge
Psychosocial and emotions
Fluid intake
Hygiene
Presence of pain
Allergies
Urological function and habits
Normal adult bladder capacity?
400-500 mL
Goals for patient receiving renal testing
Understanding of procedures, tests, and expected behaviors
Decreased pain
Decreased apprehension and fear
Nursing interventions for patients undergoing renal testing
Encourage fluid intake as appropriate
Comfort measures
Analgesics and antispasmodics
Assess voiding and voiding hygiene/habits
Provide privacy and respect
Glomerular filtration rate
the amount of plasma filtered through the glomeruli per unit of time
GFR varies depending on what?
Gender, weight, age
GFR Range in normal adult
125 mL/min - 200 mL/min
What is the best approximation of kidney function?
Creatinine clearance
What is the formula for creatinine clearance?
(Volume of urine [mL/min] x Urine creatinine [mL/dL]) / Serum creatinine (mL/dL)
Normal pH Range of urine
4-8.5
Normal specific gravity of urine
1.015 - 1.025
