Assessment of the Skin, Hair and Nails

Question 1

involves inspection and palpation

Answer 1

integument (skin, hair, and nails)

Question 2

equipment for the assessment

Answer 2

• milimeter ruler or tape measure
• clean gloves
• magnifying glass
• dermoscopy

Question 3

common or concerning symptoms

Answer 3

• hair loss
• rash
• moles

Question 4

position of the patient

Answer 4

• sitting position
• supine and prone position

Question 5

best assesed under natural light and on areas not exposed to the sun

Answer 5

color

Question 6

• common in albinism
• patches of skin become lighter

Answer 6

hypopigmentation

Question 7

• common in older people, pregnant
• brown, black, gray, red or pinki spots or patches

Answer 7

hyperpigmentation

Question 8

redness

Answer 8

erythema

Question 9

pale, whitish coloration

Answer 9

pallor

Question 10

mottled bluish coloration

Answer 10

cyanosis

Question 11

yellow coloration

Answer 11

jaundice

Question 12

• observed and palpated
• dry, sweating and oily

Answer 12

moisture

Question 13

excessive moisture

Answer 13

hyperthermia

Question 14

excessive dryness

Answer 14

dehydration

Question 15

palpated, comparing feet and hands using the back of your fingers

Answer 15

temperature

Question 16

smooth and rough

Answer 16

texture

Question 17

difficulty or easiness in moving the joints

Answer 17

mobility

Question 18

the skin is elastic when pulled

Answer 18

turgor

Question 19

remains elevated after being pulled up and released

Answer 19

dsecreased turgor

Question 20

• inspect, palpate, and describe
• anatomical location and distribution
  -various interruptions in skin integrity

Answer 20

lesions

Question 21

buildup of fluid in the interstitial spaces

Answer 21

edema

Question 22

0+

Answer 22

no pitting edema

Question 23

1+

Answer 23

mild pitting edema

Question 24

2+

Answer 24

moderate pitting edema, 4mm depression that disappears ion 10 to 15 secs

Question 25

3+

Answer 25

moderately severe pitting edema, 6mm depression that may last more than 1 minute

Question 26

4+

Answer 26

severe pitting edema, 8 mm depression that can last for 2 minutes

Question 27

lesion shapes: round or oval

Answer 27

discoid

Question 28

lesion shapes: circular with central clearing

Answer 28

annular

Question 29

lesion shapes: annular with central internal activity

Answer 29

target (bull’s eye)

Question 30

lesion distribution: all over the body

Answer 30

generalized

Question 31

one area of the body

Answer 31

regionalized

Question 32

limited to a specific area

Answer 32

localized

Question 33

dispersed densely ir widely

Answer 33

scattered

Question 34

areas exposed to the air or sun

Answer 34

exposed areas

Question 35

form a line or an arch and follow a dermarome

Answer 35

dermatomal

Question 36

small flat spot, up to 1.0 cm (common to poeple with Hemangioma or Vitiligo)

Answer 36

Macule

Question 37

flat spot , 1.0 cm or larger

Answer 37

patch

Question 38

up to 1.0 cm (elevated nevus)

Answer 38

papule

Question 39

filled with pus (acne)

Answer 39

pustule

Question 40

1.0 cm or larger; filled with serous fluid (example bite)

Answer 40

bulla

Question 41

elevated superficial lesion 1.0 cm or larger, formed by coalescence of papules

Answer 41

Plague

Question 42

knot like lesion larger than 0.5 cm, deeper and more firm than a papule

Answer 42

nodule

Question 43

nodule filled with expressible material, either liquid or semisolid

Answer 43

cyst

Question 44

inspect and palpate

Answer 44

hair