ASSIGNMENT 1

Question 1

Are considered dedicated crops that are harvested after reaching maturity.

Answer 1

Crops such as switchgrass, miscanthus, bamboo, sweet sorghum, tall fescue, kochia and wheatgrass

Question 2

It is considered biomass resource that are potential source of biofuel through different conversion methods.

Answer 2

Feedstocks

Question 3

Are considered biomass materials consisting primarily of stalks and leaves not used for commercial use such as corn stover, wheat straw and rice straw.

Answer 3

Agriculture Crop Residues

Question 4

It is considered as an organic renewable energy.

Answer 4

Biomass

Question 5

Are plant-based organic materials generated from industrial, residential, and commercial wastes like paper, wood wases, yard waste and cooking oil

Answer 5

Municipal Waste

Question 6

A technical term assigned to the product of converting biomass into a fuel.

Answer 6

Biofuel

Question 7

It is a process that includes the addition of enzymes and microorganisms as biocatalysts to convert biomass-derived compounds into a desirable products.

Answer 7

Biochemical Conversion Process

Question 8

The process of breaking down carbohydrates by introducing cellulose and hemicellulose enzymes into 5 and 6 carbon sugar.

Answer 8

Hydrolysis

Question 9

It is a thermochemical conversion process where biomass is exposed to high temperature ranging from 400-600 deg C.

Answer 9

Pyrolysis

Question 10

the Higher heating value (HHV) of ethanol or ethyl alcohol.

Answer 10

29,670 Kj/Kg

Question 11

It is considered as a means of converting biomass into biofuel thru the use of natural photosynthetic activity of organisms directly from sunlight.

Answer 11

Photo Biological Conversion Processes

Question 12

The higher heating value of Methanol or methyl alcohol.

Answer 12

22,660 KJ/Kg

Question 13

The higher heating value of biodiesel.

Answer 13

40,700 KJ/Kg

Question 14

The higher heating value of Synthetic gas or syngas.

Answer 14

18,880 KJ/Kg

Question 15

The higher heating value of Methane (CH4).

Answer 15

55,530 KJ/Kg

Question 16

Chemical representation for ethanol or ethyl alcohol

Answer 16

C2H5OH

Question 17

Chemical representation for biogas.

Answer 17

Mainly methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 18

Decomposition of organic waste into gaseous fuel by bacteria without the presence of oxygen.

Answer 18

Anaerobic digestion

Question 19

What does B20 mixture means?

Answer 19

20% biodiesel and 80% conventional diesel

Question 20

The chemical representation of ethanol or methyl alcohol

Answer 20

CH3OH

Question 21

Using ethanol as mixture, what does E10 means?

Answer 21

Gasoline with 10% of ethanol

Question 22

Using methanol as mixture, what does M10 means?

Answer 22

10% of methanol, 90% gasoline

Question 23

The product of pyrolysis.

Answer 23

Pyrolysis Oil

Question 24

A gas produced by thermal gasification using oxygen.

Answer 24

Synthesis Gas

Question 25

A gas produced by thermal gasification which partial oxidation of a solid biomass at high temperature into a gaseous fuel.

Answer 25

Producer Gas

Question 26

The production of electricity and heat from biomass.

Answer 26

Biogas

Question 27

A biogas plant with series of digesters.

Answer 27

Multi-digester plant

Question 28

A biogas plant where the digester and the gas chamber forms a single unit

Answer 28

Integrated plant

Question 29

A biogas plant consisting of a moving , floating gas holder the either float directly in the fermenting slurry or in a separate water jacket.

Answer 29

Floating type

Question 30

The component of the biogas plant designed to collect and store generated gas.

Answer 30

Collecting tank

Question 31

An air-tight container designed for the process of aerobic microbiological degradation of organic matter into which the slurry in introduced for digestion and methanization.

Answer 31

Digester

Question 32

A type of biogas plant consist of a heat-sealed plastic or rubber bag , combining digester and gasholder.

Answer 32

Balloon type

Question 33

The method of adding or introducing anaerobic bacteria to the digester, usually for the newly built biogas plant.

Answer 33

Seeding

Question 34

The amount of slurry fed per unit volume of digester capacity on a daily basis

Answer 34

Loading rate

Question 35

Are various processes that takes place among the methanogens, non-methanogens and substrate fed into the digester as input.

Answer 35

Methanization

Question 36

A layer of compacted soil and gravel to support the digester wall.

Answer 36

Backfill

Question 37

A level of slurry in the digester where it is considered full.

Answer 37

Filling line

Question 38

A general term used to include all organic materials considered to produce biogas.

Answer 38

Substrate

Question 39

Are materials that inhibit the growth of pathogens in the digester such as mineral ions, heavy metal and detergent.

Answer 39

Toxic materials

Question 40

The difference between the height of the digester and the filling line designed for allowance to avoid spilling over of slurry.

Answer 40

Freeboard

Question 41

Minimum diameter of pipe for inlet and outlet of the biogas plant

Answer 41

0.2 m

Question 42

For balloon type biogas plant, what is the percentage volume of the total digester is occupied by the slurry.

Answer 42

80%

Question 43

For balloon and float type biogas plant, what is the percentage volume of the digester occupied by the CH4 generated

Answer 43

20%

Question 44

The minimum slope requirement for all concrete channels from the source of the substrate to the collecting or mixing tank.

Answer 44

2%

Question 45

For concrete and steel reinforced digester, What is the minimum size and space of steel bars is recommended.

Answer 45

Minimum 10 mm diameter RSB spaced at 0.15 m (both the curved and horizontal bars)

Question 46

The mesophilic temperature range required for an aerobic fermentation.

Answer 46

20 deg C - 40deg C

Question 47

Gas production potential of pig manure for 30 days retention period (cu.m/kg)

Answer 47

0.063 m3/kg

Question 48

Gas production potential of chicken manure for 30 days retention period. (cu.m./kg)

Answer 48

0.065 m3/kg

Question 49

The range of C/N ratio needed for anaerobic digestion of organic matter and not to exceed 1:35.

Answer 49

1:20 – 1:30

Question 50

What is the precent free board allowed to determine the height of filling line.

Answer 50

25% - 50%