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Chemistry > Assignment 3 > Flashcards

Assignment 3 Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

What are the four primary phases of matter?

A

Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.

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2
Q

True or False: In a solid, particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions.

A

True.

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The phase of matter with a definite shape and volume is called a ______.

A

solid.

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4
Q

Which phase of matter has no definite shape but has a definite volume?

A

Liquid.

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5
Q

What is the primary characteristic of gas?

A

Gas has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.

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6
Q

True or False: Plasma is a phase of matter that consists of ionized gases.

A

True.

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7
Q

What happens to the particles in a substance as it transitions from a solid to a liquid?

A

The particles gain energy and move more freely.

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8
Q

Which phase of matter is most commonly found in stars?

A

Plasma.

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9
Q

What term describes the process of a solid turning directly into a gas?

A

Sublimation.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of a liquid turning into a gas is called ______.

A

evaporation.

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11
Q

What is the term for the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid?

A

Melting point.

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12
Q

True or False: When a gas is cooled, it can condense into a liquid.

A

True.

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13
Q

What is the name of the process where a gas turns into a solid?

A

Deposition.

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14
Q

Which phase of matter has the highest energy particles?

A

Plasma.

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15
Q

What is the difference between a crystalline solid and an amorphous solid?

A

Crystalline solids have a regular geometric structure, while amorphous solids do not.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid is called the ______.

A

freezing point.

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17
Q

Which phase of matter can flow and take the shape of its container?

A

Liquid.

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18
Q

True or False: All materials can exist in all four phases of matter.

A

False.

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19
Q

What is the term for the change of state from gas to liquid?

A

Condensation.

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20
Q

What is the main factor that determines the phase of matter?

A

Temperature and pressure.

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The phase of matter with loosely packed particles that can slide past each other is called a ______.

A

liquid.

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22
Q

What happens to the energy of particles when a substance is heated?

A

The energy increases, causing the particles to move faster.

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23
Q

What is the critical point in phase transitions?

A

The temperature and pressure at which the distinction between liquid and gas phases disappears.

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24
Q

True or False: The volume of a gas is fixed and does not change.

A

False.

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25
Which phase of matter is characterized by the highest density?
Solid.
26
What is an example of a substance that can exist in all three common phases of matter?
Water.
27
Fill in the blank: The change from liquid to solid is called ______.
freezing.
28
What is the process of a solid turning into a liquid called?
Melting.
29
True or False: Gases have a definite volume.
False.
30
What is the term for the energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid?
Heat of fusion.
31
What is the phase diagram used for?
To show the states of a substance at different temperatures and pressures.
32
Fill in the blank: The phase transition from gas to solid occurs through the process of ______.
deposition.
33
Which phase of matter expands to fill its container?
Gas.
34
What happens to the particles in a gas when it is compressed?
The particles are forced closer together.
35
True or False: At absolute zero, all particle motion stops.
True.
36
What is the term for the temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid?
Melting point.
37
Fill in the blank: The change of state from liquid to gas can occur at any temperature, but it happens more quickly at ______ temperatures.
higher.
38
What is the main difference between a gas and a vapor?
A gas is a phase of matter, while a vapor refers to the gaseous state of a substance that is normally a liquid or solid at room temperature.
39
True or False: All gases behave the same way under the same conditions.
False.
40
What is the term for the change from liquid to solid?
Freezing.
41
Fill in the blank: The state of matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a ______.
liquid.
42
What happens during the process of condensation?
Gas particles lose energy and transition to the liquid state.
43
What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy in a substance?
As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles also increases.
44
True or False: Solids can be compressed significantly.
False.
45
What is the term for the energy required to change a substance from liquid to gas?
Heat of vaporization.
46
Fill in the blank: The phase of matter that can conduct electricity and is made of charged particles is called ______.
plasma.
47
Which phase of matter has the lowest energy?
Solid.
48
What is sublimation?
The process where a solid changes directly into a gas without going through the liquid phase.
49
True or False: The boiling point is the same for all liquids.
False.
50
What is the process of a gas becoming a solid called?
Deposition.
51
Fill in the blank: The phase of matter that has particles that are far apart and move freely is called ______.
gas.
52
What is the significance of the triple point on a phase diagram?
It is the condition where all three phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium.
53
Which phase of matter has the least organized particle arrangement?
Gas.
54
True or False: The density of a gas is typically higher than that of a liquid.
False.
55
What happens to the boiling point of a liquid at higher altitudes?
The boiling point decreases.
56
Fill in the blank: The process of a liquid turning into vapor is called ______.
evaporation.
57
What is the effect of pressure on the boiling point of a liquid?
Increased pressure raises the boiling point.
58
True or False: All materials can change phases under the right conditions.
True.
59
What is the term for the temperature at which a gas changes into a liquid?
Condensation point.
60
Fill in the blank: The process of a liquid changing to gas at the surface is called ______.
evaporation.
61
What is the main property that distinguishes plasmas from other phases of matter?
Plasmas contain free-moving charged particles.
62
True or False: Matter can exist in only one phase at a time.
False.
63
What is the role of temperature in phase changes?
Temperature determines the energy of particles and their ability to change phases.
64
Fill in the blank: The process where a gas loses energy and becomes a liquid is called ______.
condensation.
65
What happens to the arrangement of particles as a substance transitions from a gas to a liquid?
The particles become more ordered and closer together.
66
True or False: The kinetic molecular theory explains the behavior of gases.
True.
67
What is the term for the change from liquid to gas that occurs at a specific temperature?
Boiling.
68
Fill in the blank: The phase of matter that can be compressed and has no definite shape or volume is ______.
gas.
69
What is the primary factor influencing the state of matter of a substance?
Temperature and pressure.
70
True or False: The properties of a substance can change when it changes phase.
True.
71
What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change?
The temperature remains constant during the phase change.
72
Fill in the blank: The change from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state is called ______.
sublimation.
73
What is an example of deposition in nature?
The formation of frost on cold surfaces.
74
True or False: Liquids have a definite shape and can be compressed easily.
False.
75
What happens to the volume of a gas when it is heated?
The volume increases.
76
Fill in the blank: The change from gas to liquid is called ______.
condensation.
77
What is the term for the temperature at which a liquid boils?
Boiling point.
78
True or False: All solids have the same melting point.
False.
79
What occurs at the melting point?
A solid turns into a liquid.
80
Fill in the blank: The process of gas changing to solid is called ______.
deposition.
81
What happens to the energy of particles as they move from a solid to a liquid?
They gain energy.
82
True or False: Plasma is the most common phase of matter in the universe.
True.
83
What is the term for the energy change that occurs during a phase change?
Latent heat.

Chemistry (4 decks)

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