Asthma

Question 1

Asthma is

Answer 1

Chronic inflammatory disease

Question 2

Is asthma reversible or non reversible

Answer 2

Reversible

Question 3

Distinguishing characteristics of symptoms found in asthma

Answer 3

• episodic
• diurnal
• atopic conditions
  (- bilateral widespread polyphonic wheeze)

Question 4

Is asthma cough dry or productive

Answer 4

Dry

Question 5

What stage of a male’s life is a RF for asthma

Answer 5

Prepubescent

Question 6

1st line diagnostic tests for asthma

Answer 6

• fractional exhaled NO

- spirometry

Question 7

2nd line diagnostic tests for asthma

Answer 7

• peak flow variability

- direct bronchial challenge with histamine

Question 8

Preventative meds for asthma

Answer 8

ICS

Question 9

Example of SABA

Answer 9

Salbutamol

Question 10

Example of ICS

Answer 10

Beclometasone

Question 11

Example of LABA

Answer 11

Salmeterol

Question 12

Example of long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)

Answer 12

Tiotropium

Question 13

Example of leukotriene receptor antagonists

Answer 13

Montelukast

Question 14

Why should you be careful with theophylline

Answer 14

Narrow therapeutic window

Question 15

1st step of asthma Tx

Answer 15

SAB2A + low dose ICS

Question 16

2nd step of asthma Tx

Answer 16

Oral leukotriene receptor antagonist

Question 17

3rd step of asthma Tx

Answer 17

LABA inhaler

Question 18

When do you continue LABA inhaler

Answer 18

If good response

Question 19

Meds given for MART in 4th step of asthma Tx

Answer 19

4th step (after LABA)
Low dose ICS + fast acting LABA

Question 20

5th & 6th steps of asthma Tx

Answer 20

+++ ICS to med & high dose

Question 21

what is the 7th step of asthma Tx

Answer 21

• oral theophylline

- inhaled LAMA

Question 22

MSK indicator of asthma exacerbation

Answer 22

Accessory muscle use

Question 23

Why is there resp alkalosis in the initial stages of asthma exacerbation

Answer 23

Tachypnoea —> CO2 drop

Question 24

Why is there resp acidosis in life-threatening asthma exacerbation

Answer 24

T2RF: hypercapnia + hypoxia

Question 25

PEFR % in moderate asthma

Answer 25

50-75%

Question 26

PEFR % in severe asthma

Answer 26

33-50% | Unable to complete sentences

Question 27

RR in severe asthma

Answer 27

>25

Question 28

HR in severe asthma

Answer 28

>110

Question 29

PEFR in life-threatening asthma

Answer 29

<33%

Question 30

O2 stats in life-threatening asthma

Answer 30

<92%

Question 31

Why is the chest silent in life-threatening asthma

Answer 31

No air entry —> no wheeze | HD instability

Question 32

Why does K+ need to be monitored when on salbutamol to avoid tachycardia

Answer 32

Drug causes K+ absorption into cells

Question 33

What is given in moderate asthma and in what form

Answer 33

SABA & ipratropium; nebulised

Question 34

Choice of steroids given in moderate exacerbation

Answer 34

- oral prednisolone | - IV hydrocortisone

Question 35

3 drugs given in severe asthma

Answer 35

- O2 - aminophilline infusion - IV salbutamol

Question 36

When is IV Mg sulphate infusion given

Answer 36

Life-threatening