asthma Flashcards
What defines asthma?
Chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity
This is an inhaled corticosteroid that decreases hyperresponsiveness of the airway over time, and reduces frequency of asthma exacerbation, prevents fibrotic remodelling
flucitasone. One of the interesting effects is upregulation of the B2 adrenergic receptor, so this is often given in conjunction with beta agonists. SE = opportunistic airway infection
This is a leukotriene modifier that functions by inhibiting the leukotriene receptor (specifically cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 competitive antagonist)
montelukast. Leukotrienes are chiefly responsible for asthma pathogenesis. This is highly effective in aspirin-induced asthma
This mAb binds to IgE, preventing mast cell degranulation
anti-IgE mAb
Eosinophil degranulation and oxidative bursts play a key role in asthma pathogenesis, therefore the key cytokine/cytokine receptor to block is…
IL5/IL5 receptor with anti IL-5(r) mAb. IL5 is vital in eosinophil development and activation
This mAb has activity against 2 interleukin receptors because they share a common subunit
anti-IL-4Ralpha mAb
hydrophilic SABA
salbutamol
amphiphilic LABA, both rapid-acting AND long-lasting
formoterol
lipophilic LABA, slow-acting and long-lasting
salmeterol
ultra LABA for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
indacaterol
Why must beta agonists be used alongside inhaled corticosteroids?
because corticosteroids upregulate the beta 2 receptor
This is a methylxanthine that functions as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor
theophylline, increases cAMP levels via PDE inhibition –> bronchodilator. Has a narrow therapeutic index
SAMA (inhibits M3)
ipratropium bromide
LAMA (inhibits M3)
tiotrophium bromide (T for TIME, long-lasting)
