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Asthma Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What happens to the airways during an asthma exacerbation?

A

Experience smooth muscle tightening
Become inflamed
Fill with mucous

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2
Q

How do we reduce impairment for asthma?

A 
Prevent sx
Reduce SABA use
Maintain pulmonary function
Maintain normal activities
Meet patient's satisfaction
Meet family/caregiver satisfaction
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3
Q

How do we reduce risk for patients with asthma?

A 
Prevent exacerbations
Minimize emergency department visits
Minimize hospitalizations
Prevent lung loss
Maintain lung growth
Optimize therapy
Prevent medication ADR
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4
Q

What are the components of asthma impairment?

A 
Sx occurrences
Nighttime awakenings
Rescue medication use
Interference with daily activity
Lung function (FEV1, FEV1/FVC)
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5
Q

What are the types of medications for asthma use?

A 
SABA
Low dose ICS
HD ICS
Combination products
Monoclonal antibodies
Interleukin-5 receptor antagonist
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6
Q

What are parts of an environmental assessment?

A

Exposure to allergens and irritants
Co-morbid conditions
Gastrointestinal disease

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7
Q

What are co-morbid conditions that can affect asthma?

A 
Pulmonary dz (pneumonia, flu)
ENT dz
Obstructive sleep apnea
Rhinitis
Sinusitis
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8
Q

What level of impairment has sx for = 2 days/week?

A

Intermittent

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9
Q

What level of impairment has sx for > 2 days per week?

A

Mild

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10
Q

What level of impairment has sx daily?

A

Moderate

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11
Q

What level of impairment has sx throughout the day?

A

Severe

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12
Q

What level of impairment has nighttime awakenings at >/= 5 years for = 2x/month?

A

Intermittent

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13
Q

What level of impairment has nighttime awakenings at >/= 5 years for 3-4x/month?

A

Mild

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14
Q

What level of impairment has nighttime awakenings at >/= 5 years for >1x/week?

A

Moderate

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15
Q

What level of impairment has nighttime awakenings at >/= 5 years for more often than 7x/week?

A

Severe

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16
Q

What level of impairment has nighttime awakenings at < 5 years for 1-2x/month?

A

Mild

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17
Q

What level of impairment has nighttime awakenings at < 5 years for 3-4x/month?

A

Moderate

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18
Q

What level of impairment has nighttime awakenings at < 5 years for >1x/wk?

A

Severe

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19
Q

What level of impairment is a patient that uses their SABA = 2 days/week

A

Intermittent

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20
Q

What level of impairment is a patient that uses their SABA > 2 days/weeks?

A

Mild

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21
Q

What level of impairment is a patient that uses their SABA daily?

22
Q

What level of impairment is a patient that uses their SABA several times per day?

23
Q

What level of impairment is a patient that has a lung function of: 5-11 years
FEV > 80%
FEV/FVC > 85%

24
Q

What level of impairment is a patient that has a lung function of: 5-11 years
FEV >/= 80%
FEV/FVC >/= 80%

25
What level of impairment is a patient that has a lung function of: 5-11 years FEV 60-80% FEV/FVC > 75-80%
Moderate
26
What level of impairment is a patient that has a lung function of: 5-11 years FEV < 60% FEV/FVC < 75%
Severe
27
What level of impairment is a patient that has a lung function of: >/=12 years FEV > 80% FEV/FVC normal
Intermittent
28
What level of impairment is a patient that has a lung function of: >/=12 years FEV >/= 80% FEV/FVC normal
Mild
29
What level of impairment is a patient that has a lung function of: >/=12 years FEV > 60-80% FEV/FVC reduced by 5%
Moderate
30
What level of impairment is a patient that has a lung function of: >/=12 years FEV < 60% FEV/FVC reduced by > 5%
Severe
31
What level of impairment is a patient if they have exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids 0-1x/year?
Intermittent
32
How do you classify mild/moderate/severe impairment in patients the require oral corticosteroids for exacerbations?
< 5 years: >/= 2x in 6 months requiring steroids OR >/= 4 wheezing episodes a year lasting > 1 day AND RF for persistent asthma >/= 5 years: >/= 2x/year
33
What are Step 1 preferred treatments?
SABA PRN
34
What are Step 2 preferred treatments?
Low dose ICS
35
What are step 2 alternative treatments for patients < 5 yo?
Cromolyn/singulair
36
What are step 2 alternative treatments for patients >/= 5 yo?
Cromolyn Nedocromil LRTA Theophylline
37
What are step 3 preferred treatments for patients < 5 years old
Medium dose ICS
38
What are step 3 preferred treatments for patients 5-11 years old?
Low dose ICS + LABA/LRTA/Theophylline OR Medium dose ICS
39
What are step 3 preferred treatments for patients >/= 12 years old?
Low dose ICS + LABA OR Medium dose ICS
40
What are step 3 alternative treatment options for >/= 12 years old?
Low dose ICS + LRTA/theophylline/zileuton
41
What are step 4 preferred treatments for patients < 5 years old?
Medium dose ICS + LABA/Singulair
42
What are step 4 preferred treatments for patients >/= 5 years old?
Medium dose ICS + LABA
43
What are step 4 alternative treatments for 5-11 year olds?
Medium dose ICS + LABA/theophylline
44
What are step 4 alternative treatments for >/= 12 year olds?
Medium dose ICS + LRTA/theophylline/zileuton
45
What are step 5 preferred treatments for < 5 years old?
High dose ICS + LABA/singulair
46
What are step 5 preferred treatments for 5-11 year olds?
High dose ICS + LABA
47
What are step 5 preferred treatments for >/= 12 year olds?
High dose ICS + LABA AND Consider omalizumab for patients who have allergies
48
What are step 5 alternative treatments for 5-11 year olds?
High dose ICS + LRTA/theophylline
49
What are step 6 preferred treatments for < 5 years old?
High dose ICS + oral corticosteroids + LABA/singulair
50
What are step 6 preferred treatments for 5-11 year olds?
High dose ICS + LABA + oral corticosteroids
51
What are step 6 preferred treatments for >/= 12 year olds?
High dose ICS + LABA + oral corticosteroids AND Consider omalizumab for patients who have allergies
52
What are step 6 alternative treatments for 5-11 year olds?
High dose ICS + LRTA/theophylline + oral corticosteroids

Pediatrics (9 decks)

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