Asthma and COPD 😷 (Shelby🐈)

Question 1

How long does it take for a Short Acting Beta-2 Agonists (SABA) to work?

How long do they last?

Answer 1

IMMEDIATELY ⏲

4-6 hours

Question 2

Name the SABAs we need to know

Answer 2

Albuterol

Levalbuterol

Purabuterol

Terbutaline

Bitolterol

Question 3

What is Ipratroprium (Atrovent) used for

Answer 3

used in COPD, block muscarinic induced bronchoconstriction

Question 4

Which leukotriene inhibitor(s) block(s) the synthesis of leukotrienes

Answer 4

Zileuton (Zyflo CR)

Question 5

What is Omalizaumab (Xolair)

Answer 5

Monoclonal antibody, prevents binding of IgE to cells associated with allergic response

Lowers free serum IgE

Question 6

Which leukotriene inhibitor(s) is a/are leukotriene receptor antagonist(s)

Answer 6

Zafirlukast (Accolate)

Montelukast (Singulair)

(the “lukasts”)

Question 7

What is a benefit of Theophylline

Answer 7

decreases the fatigue of the diaphragm

Question 8

Main side effect of INHALED corticosteroids

Answer 8

oral candidiasis (thrush)

Question 9

What two things do Beta 2 Selective Receptor Agonists do

Answer 9

Inhibits histamine release from mast cells

Relaxes airway smooth muscle

Question 10

Omalizaumab (Xolair) side effects

Answer 10

WELL TOLERATED

rash, injection site reactions, small decrease in platelets

Question 11

What is Theophylline

Answer 11

Long acting bronchodilator that is taken orally 💊👄

Question 12

long acting bronchodilator that is taken orally

Answer 12

Theophylline

Question 13

What asthma medication improves the response to B agonists

Answer 13

Corticosteroids

Question 14

Theophylline MOA (2)!!!

Answer 14

PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITOR

Increases cAMP (like beta 2 stimulation) to cause bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase

and

Blocks adenosine receptors – leads to bronchodilation

Question 15

When is Theophylline used

Answer 15

Only used when nothing else works for asthma and COPD

Question 16

most widely used medication in the treatment of asthma =

Answer 16

Beta 2 Selective Receptor Agonists

Question 17

Why are there few side effects with corticosteroids in the treatment of asthma

Answer 17

Because they are INHALED 🌬

no absorption systemically

Question 18

First line medication for COPD

Answer 18

Ipratroprium (Atrovent)

Question 19

Which asthma medication lowers free serum IgE

Answer 19

Omalizaumab (Xolair)

Question 20

Asthma medication used for asthma attack

Answer 20

Short Acting Beta-2 Agonists (SABAs)

Question 21

Which COPD medication is a muscarinic ANTAGONIST

Answer 21

Ipratroprium (Atrovent)

Question 22

What are LABAs ALWAYS ALWAYS ALWAYS combined with

WHY?

Answer 22

Always combined with a steroid to decrease the down regulation of beta 2 receptors

Question 23

Cromolyn sodium, Nedcromil MOA

Answer 23

Inhibits release of histamine from mast cells- NOT a bronchodilator

Question 24

How can leukotriene inhibitors help in the treatment of asthma

Answer 24

chronically only, no effect on attack in progress

Question 25

What are Short Acting Beta-2 Agonists (SABAs) used for? What are they NOT used for?

Answer 25

acute attacks not used for chronic use

Question 26

Beta 2 Selective Receptor Agonists side effects

Answer 26

tachycardia 💓💗💓 nervousness 😬 dizziness 🥴

Question 27

What is the main side effect of Ipratroprium (Atrovent)

Answer 27

dry mouth 👅

Question 28

Medication used in eosinophilic asthma

Answer 28

Omalizaumab (Xolair)

Question 29

Side effects of leukotriene inhibitors

Answer 29

Can cause sleepiness, URIs, sore throat, sometimes psychiatric symptoms

Question 30

Who uses Cromolyn sodium, Nedcromil

Answer 30

children

Question 31

Name the LABAs we need to know

Answer 31

Salmeterol Formoteral

Question 32

How long does it take for long acting beta-2 agonists (LABAs) to work?

Answer 32

Effects take 20-30 minutes ⏳

Question 33

What medications inhibit the metabolism of Theophylline leading to toxicity

Answer 33

Cimetidine, Ketoconazole, Erythromycin (The king, the queen, and the crown prince of drug interactions!) 🃏👑👑

Question 34

Which asthma/COPD medication is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Answer 34

Theophylline

Question 35

Why is Theophylline rarely used

Answer 35

Narrow therapeutic range too low- can’t breathe too high – toxic

Question 36

Which asthma medication inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells, but is NOT a bronchodilator

Answer 36

Cromolyn sodium, Nedcromil

Question 37

What are LABAs used for

Answer 37

Prevention and prophylaxis of asthma when inhaled corticosteroid is not enough or symptoms are at night

Question 38

Side effects of Theophylline

Answer 38

stimulates the CNS: 🧠 Nervousness, insomnia, anxiety, tremor, tachycardia, arrhythmias, palpitations, headache, N/V, seizures