Astronomy

Question 1

planet

Answer 1

a body in space that orbits a star

Question 2

moon

Answer 2

natural object that revolves around a planet

Question 3

asteroid

Answer 3

smaller mass of rock in space

Question 4

asteroid belt

Answer 4

found between Mars and Jupiter

Question 5

comet

Answer 5

object in space made of ice and dust that orbits a star

Question 6

meteorite

Answer 6

a space rock that lands on earth

Question 7

meteor

Answer 7

a space rock that burns up in earth’s atmosphere

Question 8

Kuiper Belt

Answer 8

found in the region near Pluto, full of asteroids and comets

Question 9

Mercury

Answer 9

planet closest to the sun

Question 10

Venus

Answer 10

2nd planet from the sun, hottest planet because of extreme greenhouse effect

Question 11

Earth

Answer 11

3rd plant from sun, has one moon and water in solid, liquid, and gaseous states

Question 12

Mars

Answer 12

4th planet from the sun

Question 13

Jupiter

Answer 13

5th planet from the sun, largest planet with large red spot

Question 14

Saturn

Answer 14

6th planet from the sun, rings

Question 15

Uranus

Answer 15

7th planet from the sun, rotates on its side

Question 16

Neptune

Answer 16

8th planet from the sun, blue color due to methane gas

Question 17

Pluto

Answer 17

dwarf planet

Question 18

inner planets

Answer 18

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars - small, rocky planets, orbit close to the sun

Question 19

outer planets

Answer 19

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune - gas giants, orbit farther from sun, have moons and rings

Question 20

rotation

Answer 20

spinning on axis = one day

Question 21

revolution

Answer 21

how long it takes a planet to orbit the sun = one year

Question 22

absolute magnitude

Answer 22

the brightness of a star

Question 23

parallax

Answer 23

the apparent shift of stars in position because the observer moves

Question 24

HR Diagram

Answer 24

a graph that shows the relationship between the brightness and temperature of stars

Question 25

galaxy

Answer 25

large collection of stars

Question 26

light year

Answer 26

the distance light travels in a year

Question 27

star

Answer 27

a large body in space that is made of gas and gives off light

Question 28

red shift

Answer 28

evidence that galaxies are moving away from each other and the universe is expanding

Question 29

Main sequence star

Answer 29

a star during the main part of its life cycle where it is using hydrogen as fuel

Question 30

Black hole

Answer 30

forms when a massive star collapses, so dense that light can't escape it

Question 31

nebula

Answer 31

cloud of dust and gas where a star forms

Question 32

red giant

Answer 32

a star that has expanded and cooled and is using helium as fuel

Question 33

fusion

Answer 33

what is happening in stars to make energy - when two atoms join together

Question 34

supernova

Answer 34

an explosion when the core of a supergiant collapses

Question 35

white dwarf

Answer 35

a star that has collapsed and becomes much hotter and denser

Question 36

neutron star

Answer 36

the core of a supergiant that has collapsed but can be seen

Question 37

Sputnik

Answer 37

first artificial satellite launched into space

Question 38

Alan Shepard

Answer 38

first American in space

Question 39

Apollo 11

Answer 39

first landing on the moon

Question 40

Hubble Space Telescope

Answer 40

a space telescope used to study space elements

Question 41

International Space Station

Answer 41

an orbiting space satellite used for scientific and space research

Question 42

equinox

Answer 42

period of equal day and night

Question 43

solstice

Answer 43

when the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator, the beginning of winter and summer

Question 44

seasons

Answer 44

caused by the tile of the Earth

Question 45

solar eclipse

Answer 45

when the moon passes directly between the sun and earth and casts and shadow over part of earth

Question 46

lunar eclipse

Answer 46

when earth passes between the sun and the moon and the earth's shadow falls on the moon

Question 47

tides

Answer 47

the rise and fall of the ocean caused by the moon's gravity

Question 48

neap tide

Answer 48

happens during first and third quarter moons when the difference between high and low tides is small

Question 49

spring tide

Answer 49

happens during the full and new moons when tides are very high and very low