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Astronomy > Astronomy Exam 4 Section 7-11 > Flashcards

Astronomy Exam 4 Section 7-11 Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

All asteroids all orbit between Mars and Jupiter, true or false?

A

False

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2
Q

Comets come from the asteroid belt, true or false?

A

False

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3
Q

How many dwarf planets do we know of in our solar system?

A

5

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4
Q

Earth is the largest planet, true or false?

A

False

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5
Q

We know of no planets outside our solar system, true or false? 

A

False

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6
Q

How many planets are in our solar system?

A

8

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7
Q

Meteor rights come from the asteroid belt, true or false?

A

True

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8
Q

Meteors come from the asteroid belt, true or false?

A

True

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9
Q

Most moons, orbit planets, true or false?

A

False

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10
Q

The Oort cloud objects formed out past the Kuiper Belt, true or false?

A

False

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11
Q

The smallest planets are still larger than the biggest moons, true or false?

A

False

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12
Q

Our Sun is powered by fusion of __________ into _____________.

A

Hydrogen, helium

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13
Q

What type of planet is Uranus?

A

An ice or water giant Jovian.

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14
Q

A cloud of gas and dust is called a ___________.

A

Nebula

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15
Q

The cold temperatures of the planets in the outer solar system cause H and He to condense into liquids, true and false?

A

False

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16
Q

The volatiles are always liquids on Earth, true or false?

A

False

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17
Q

Feldspar is mainly found in the Earth’s core, crust, and mantle?

A

Crust

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18
Q

The process by which material of different densities separate into different layers is called:

A

Differentiation

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19
Q

Rock A has crystals several millimeters across.

Rock B has no visible crystals, but has a gritty texture to the fingernail or tooth.

Which rock cooled more quickly?

A

Rock B

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20
Q

Volatiles were gasses: inside the snow line or outside the snow line

A

Inside the snow line

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21
Q

Outside the snow line, which solids were available for plant formation?

A

Volatiles, minerals, and metal

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22
Q

Embryos were:

A

The size of the moon

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23
Q

Kernels were:

A

Large enough to collect gas

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24
Q

The Jovian planets contain rock and metal, true or false?

A

True

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25
Asteroids are:
Mostly leftover planetesimals.
26
Pluto is a member of the:
Kuiper Belt
27
The age of the Solar system is:
4.54 billion years old
28
The asteroids are mostly found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter because:
They are the debris from a planet that exploded there.
29
What type of astronomical object is the Sun?
Star
30
What would happen if the Sun’s core temperature rose slightly?
The reaction would run faster, generating more heat, causing the core to expand in cool. 
31
Light can travel though: the convection zone or the radiative zone
Radiative zone
32
The convection zone is: translucent or opaque?
Opaque
33
The sunspot cycle lasts:
11 years
34
Spicules are located in the:
Chromosphere
35
The layer of the Sun visible during a total solar eclipse is the:
Corona
36
The first reaction of the proton-proton chain consists of: 
Two protons fuse to form a deuterium, releasing a neutrino and a positron, which annihilates with a nearby. 
37
The second reaction of the proton-proton chain consist of:
A deuterium and a proton fuse to form a helium-3 releasing energy in the form of gamma rays
38
The third reaction of the proton-proton chain consists of:
Two helium-3 fuse to form a helium-4 plus two protons.
39
The solar neutrino problem has been solved, true or false?
True
40
The Maunder Minimum when sunspot activity decreased dramatically:
Coincided with a decrease in Earth’s temperature.
41
Sunspots are areas of:
Intense magnetic fields
42
Over geologic time the sun is getting: brighter or dimmer
Brighter
43
Most of the rocks inside the Earth is melted, true or false?
False
44
Earth’s early tectonic style was: plate tectonics, flow tectonics or stagnant-lid tectonics?
Stagnant-lid tectonics
45
As the worlds are assembled, the heat produced as their pieces come together is called:
Heat or accretion
46
Which had more feldspar: continental crust of oceanic crust?
Continental crust
47
Which is thinner: continental crust or oceanic crust?
Oceanic crust
48
The hottest plant in the solar system is:
Venus
49
Besides Earth, which other planet has continents?
Venus
50
Which is true? A) the moon is as reflective as fresh snow B) the moon is as reflective as white sand C) the moon is as reflective as a concrete road D) the moon is as reflective as and asphalt road
D
51
The Moon’s core is:
Smaller than expected for a terrestrial world
52
The graph from the paper by Peplowski et al. shows that Mercury was extensively heated by the giant impact that formed it, just as the Moon.
False
53
Mercury’s continents can be mapped from telescopes in Earth, true or false?
False
54
Did Mercury’s surface turn out to be all maria,,or to have no maria?
All maria
55
Mars’ Vallles Marineris we’re carved by running water, true or false?
False
56
The northern hemisphere of Mars is: low and smooth or high and heavily-cratered?
Low and smooth
57
Why are the four large volcanoes on Mars higher than mountains on Earth? 
Mars has no plate tectonics to carry volcanoes off on the tops of lava sources.
58
The atmosphere of Venus is mostly: 
Carbon dioxide
59
Venus is holding all the air it’s gravity can hold, true or false?
True
60
A planet, with a mass of 20 times the mass of the Earth will have an atmosphere composed of: 
Hydrogen and helium
61
Mercury in the moon have no real atmosphere is because:
They are too small
62
The idea that Venus’ is water was broken by UV and the hydrogen then lost into space is supported by: 
High levels of deuterium in Venus’ atmosphere
63
Volcanic gases on terrestrial planets consist of: 
1/2 water vaporizer, 1/2 carbon dioxide, and a tiny bit of nitrogen
64
The atmosphere of Mars is mostly: 
Carbon dioxide
65
What is the most abundant greenhouse gas on Earth?
Water vapour 
66
Of the three major greenhouse gases on terrestrial planets, which is the weakest?
Water vapour
67
The coldest layer in a terrestrial planet’s atmosphere is called the:
Mesosphere
68
The troposphere is heated by:,
Convection from the Sun-warmed ground
69
How many layers does the default atmosphere of a terrestrial planet have?
3
70
The thermosphere is heated by:
Absorption of high-energy radiation, such as gamma rays
71
If we stopped producing greenhouse gases today, the temperature would stop rising, true or false?
False
72
The current unprecedented rapid rise in global temperature is due to anthropogenic greenhouse gases, true or false?
True

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