Athritis and Infection Flashcards
(42 cards)
What are the most commmon organisms that cause osteomyelitis in children and adults?
staph aureus
What are the 3 non-inflammatory types of athritis
osteoathritis
avascular necrosis
neuropathic athropathy/charcot joint
What are the 3 inflammatory athritis disorders?
rheumatoid athritis
crystal deposition
septic athritis
What are the features of osteoathritis?
loss of articular cartilage,
radiographical joint space narrowing
synovial changes
bone remodeling
The risk factors for osteomyelitis are:
increasing age obesity joint instability abl joint shape trauma
The clinical manifestation of osteoathritis:
pain that is worse with movement,
morning stiffness
decreased range of motion
bouchard/heberden nodes
The gross pathological findings of osteoathritis include:
loss of articular cartilage eburnation thickened subchondral bone subchondral cysts osteophytes
What are the histological findings of osteoathritis?
articular cartilage clefts, chondrocyte cloning, eburnation, osteophyte formation villous synovial hyperplasia
The therapies for osteoarthritis include:
physical therapy
NSAIDS
athroplasty
How is Neuropathic athropathy/Charcot Joint different from osteoathritis?
Very rapid and severe, usually related to underlying disease
Avascular necrosis, is described as?
A joint ischemic disease where there is loss of adequate perfusion which leads to vascular disturbance at the ends of long bones. Only until stgae IV does athritis present
At what stage is reative bone seen at ende of necrotic bone?
Stage II.
Stage I involves just bone necrosis wedge
At what stage do we see the crescent sign? What is it?
A fracture of the end plate is seen in stage 3 with a wedge of necrotic bone.
What is Leg-Calve-Perthes disease?
ITs AVN in children, more common bc children’s ciculation in bone is less developed and children have more minor trauma, resulting from injury to the epiphyseal plate
What is rheumatoid athritis?
Autoimmune inflammatory reaction against joints, typically affecting women
What makes up rheumatic factor?
IgM against self IgG-Fc portion
these complexes depost
How would one with rheumatic athritis present? what joints are affected more often?
malaise, fatigue, generalized bone pain, swollen painful joints, in a polyarticular/bilateral/symmetrical fashion
affecting hands and feet then wrists, then ankles then elbows, then knees.
What does radiographic imaging show of rheumatioid athritis? What does the soft tissue destruction lead to?
joint effusion
subchondral osteopenia- bone loss/destruction
marginal erosions
joint space narrowing
subluxations and periarticular cysts
How is rheumatoid athritis seen in gross pathological review?
joint desctruction: thickened synovium, pannus, joint capsule destruction, rice bodies, osteophytes and joint fusion
In histological review? Synovium
hypertrophic synovium with lymphoid follicles and fibrin with PMNs
bone cartilage destroyed by pannus, subchondral bone resorption, chronic inflammation
What are the histological findings for bone in rheumatoid athritis?
cartilage destruction, subchondral bone resorption, chronic inflamm
What lab tests can be done to test for rheumatoi athritis?
rheumatid factor- more sensitive
antiCCP- more specific
What are rheumatic nodules? Where do they form?
in 25% of RA pt, they are palisading granulomas that occur subQ on extensor surfaces of elbow and forearm
How is RA treated?
NSAIDs, PT, synovectomy
athroplasty, systemic immunosuppression
