ATI Chpt 1 AND 2; Exam 1

Question 1

Abstinence

Answer 1

Reframing from sexual intercourse

Question 2

Advantage vs. Disadvantages Abstinence

Answer 2

Advantages
1. Most effective
2. Eliminate risk for STI

Disadvantages
1. Self control
2. High failure rate

Question 3

Coitus interruptus; withdraw definition

Answer 3

Withdraw of the penis from the vaginitis prior to ejaculation

Question 4

Advantages vs disadvantageous of coitus interruptus

Answer 4

Advantages; monogamous couples possible choice
Disadvantage; least effective method, no protection against STIs

Question 5

Definition of calendar rhythm method

Answer 5

Tracing the menstrual cycle to estimate the time of ovulation

Question 6

Advantages, disadvantages, and risk of calendar rhythm method

Answer 6

Advantage; inexpensive, used with the basal method

Disadvantage; not realizable, no protection fro STIs, record keeping, adherence/abstinence during fertile periods

Risk; factors affect ovulation, possible pregnancy

Question 7

Definition of cycle beads

Answer 7

Standard days method/ cycle beads; beads color coded and on a necklace

Question 8

Advantages vs. Disadvantages of Cycle beads

Answer 8

Advantage; Mobile app adherence by using a visual aid, easy to understand

Disadvantage; unreliable, pregnancy, lose track of the days

Question 9

Definition of basal body temperature

Answer 9

Temperature of the body at rest

Question 10

Advantages vs Disadvantages of Basal Body Temperature

Answer 10

Advantages; inexpensive, convenient, and no adverse effects

Disadvantage; variables can cause inaccurate interpretation for the temperature changes, does not protect against STIs

Question 11

Cervical mucous ovulation detection method definition

Answer 11

Client analysis cercial mucous it determine ovulation; Spinnbarkeit sign

Question 12

Advantages vs Disadvantages of Cervical Mucus Ovulation

Answer 12

Advantages; cents become very accurate with the characteristics of own mucus, can be diagnostically helpful in determining the start of ovulation while breastfeeding and planning a desired pregnancy

Disadvantages; clients can be uncomfortable with touching the mucus, self analysis of mucus can be difficult, no protection from STI

Question 13

Male condom definition

Answer 13

Thin sheath to cover the penis during sexual intercourse

Question 14

Advantages and disadvantages of a male condom

Answer 14

Advantage; protects against STIs, involves the male, no adverse effects readily available

Disadvantages; high rate of non adherence, reduces spontaneity, decrease sensation, one time use, cost replacement, does not protect against lesions on the skin or mucous membranes, hpv, hsv, syphilis.

Question 15

Female condom definition

Answer 15

Vaginal sheath made of nitrile, a non latex synthetic rubber flexible rings on both ends that is pre lubricated with a spermicide

Question 16

Advantages vs disadvantageous of a female condom

Answer 16

Advantages; offer protection against pregnancy and STIs, offer some protection against sti transmitted by skin to skin contact hpv, hsv, syphilis

Disadvantages; complicated to use bulky, noisy during intercourse, more expensive

Question 17

Definition of spermicide

Answer 17

Chemical barrier available in a variety of foams. They destroy sperm before they can enter the cervix. Vaginal flora becomes acidic, not favorable for sperm survival.

Question 18

Advantages vs Disadvantages of spermicide

Answer 18

Advantages; no Rx, increase the effectiveness of other methods if used together, various forms/suppositories, foams, creams, gels, films

Disadvantages; messy reapply after each act of intercourse, no protection against STIs

Question 19

Diaphragm definition

Answer 19

A dome shaped cup with a flexible rim that fits snugly over the cervix

Question 20

Advantages vs disadvantages of a diaphragm

Answer 20

Advantages; client has more control, easy to insert

Disadvantages; inconvenient, reapplication and cream of foam to be more effective, RX needed, must insert correctly, does not protect against STIs

Question 21

Definition of Cervical Cap

Answer 21

Silicone cap that fits tightly around the base of the cervix

Question 22

Advantage/ Disadvantage of Cervical cap

Answer 22

Advantage; extended period of use, no additional application of spermicide needed

Disadvantage; risk for TSS, allergic reaction, no precision from STIs

Question 23

Contraceptive sponge definition

Answer 23

Fits over the cervix physical and chemical barrier

Question 24

Advantage and disadvantage of contraceptive sponge

Answer 24

Advantage; easy to insert, multiple acts of intercourse

Disadvantage; does not protect against sti

Question 25

Combines oral Contraceptives COCs definition and advantage vs, disadvantage

Answer 25

Contains estrogen and progestin suppresses ovulation and thickening cervical mucus to block semen Advantage; highly effective if taken correctly Disadvantage; does not protect against STIs

Question 26

Minipill definition

Answer 26

Oral progestins that provide the same action as combined oral contraceptives

Question 27

Definition/ advantage/ disadvantage of the morning after pill

Answer 27

Prevents fertilization fro taking place by inhibiting ovulation and the transport of sperm Advantage; not taken on regular basis anyone can purchase easy to follow directions Disadvantage; nausea, heavier than normal bleeding, lower abd pain, fatigue and HA, no long term contraception, does not terminate pregnancy, no protection against STIs

Question 28

Transcervical Sterilization definition/ education/ advantage/ disadvantage

Answer 28

Insertion of small flexible agents through the vaginitis and cervix into the fallopian tubes. Results in scar tissue in tubes, preventing contraception Education; normal daily activities Advantages; quick non hormonal no anesthesia needed effective in preventing pregnancy Disadvantages; not reversible, not for postpartum clients menstrual changes. STIs

Question 29

Female sterilization; bilateral tubal ligation

Answer 29

Surgical procedure cutting or burning of the fallopian tubes Advantage; permanent, after childbirth, decrease the risk for ovarian cancer Disadvantage; surgical procedure carries risks, irreversible. STIs, risk of ectopic pregnancy

Question 30

Male Sterilization; Vasectomy

Answer 30

Surgical procedure ligations and severance of the vas defense Advantage; permanent safe, no effect on sexual dysfunction Disadvantage; surgery, reversal, STIs, granulomas, surgical risk

Question 31

What is infertility

Answer 31

Inability to conceive for a prolonged period Decrease in sperm production, endometriosis, ovulation disorders, and tubal occlusions- scars

Question 32

Female assessment

Answer 32

Age duration of infertility, medical history, surgical history, GYN history, sexual history, pelvic exam, hormones, your thoughts of trying to get pregnant, family history, trust, substance abuse

Question 33

Diagnostic procedures for a female

Answer 33

Pelvic exam hormone analysis, postcoital test, ultrasonography, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy Gather this info and give to physician

Question 34

Diagnostic Procedure for a Male

Answer 34

Semen analysis Ultrasonography

Question 35

Patient centered care for infertility

Answer 35

Nutritional, stress reeducation/ exercise, herbal medications, acupuncture, avoid high scrotal temperatures; no hot tubs Read the room, communication Always put the patient first

Question 36

Ovarian stimulation for infertility

Answer 36

Save mom first, stay on top o infections, treat partners for STIs also, clomiphene citrate, letrozole, met Forman, anti microbial medications; preexisting infections

Question 37

Assisted reproductive technologies

Answer 37

Intrauterine insemination In vitro fertilization- embryo transfer IVF ET Gamete intrafallopian transfer Donor oocyte Gestational carrier- embryo host Surrogate mother Therapeutic donor insemination

Question 38

Nursing interventions for infertility

Answer 38

Encourage Explain roles of the medical team Monitor the client Provide and Advice client Make referrals grief or infertility support groups Chaplin Honesty V/S, B/P Direct pt Honesty always

Question 39

Complications of infertility

Answer 39

Ectopic pregnancy Multiple gestations Methotrexate- 2 injections in the butt = termination of pregnancy